Modified Technique to Create Diabolo Stent Configuration

Abstract

Diabolo stent configuration aids in stent positioning, stability, and creating a controlled defect with a predetermined size. A number of techniques to create the diabolo configuration have been previously described. The indications for creating a controlled “defect” are rapidly growing and include the Fontan circulation, patients with severe end-stage pulmonary hypertension, restrictive atrial communication in the setting of hypoplastic right or left heart syndrome, and diastolic left heart failure. We describe an alternative technique using a prefabricated readily available tool (gooseneck snare) to create a diabolo stent configuration. The chosen balloon expandable stent is mounted on a 5-mm gooseneck snare centered on an angioplasty catheter larger than 5 mm diameter. When deployed, the snare restricts the central waist to 5 mm and both ends expand to a larger diameter creating a dumbbell/diabolo configuration. A total of six diablo stent configurations were successfully implanted in four patients with failing Fontan physiology; five to create a transcatheter fenestration and one to relieve atrial septal restriction. Data expressed as median and IQR. Their weight was 24.8 kg (19.6–46.95), and age years was 9.2 (6.28–13.23). There were no complications and a consistent diabolo configuration with a 5-mm central waist was created in all patients. The snare serves as a sterile, preconfigured, radiopaque, readily available tool of adequate length and strength, to create consistent diabolo stent configuration without any modifications. This technique is a simple, reproducible, and easy to learn.