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Current Status of Antifouling Biocides Contamination in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

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Abstract

A monitoring survey of antifouling biocides was conducted in the Harima Nada Sea and Osaka Bay of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan to assess contamination by organotin (OT) compounds and alternative biocides. The concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) compounds in surface water ranged from 1.0 to 2.8 ng/L, and the detected TBT concentrations in the bottom water layer were higher than those in the surface water. The concentrations of TBT compounds in sediment samples ranged from 2.0 to 28 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The concentrations of alternative biocides in the water and sediment were lower than those before the banning of TBT by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Although triphenyltin (TPT) compounds were not detected in water samples, TPT compounds were detected in the range of < 0.1–2700 ng/g dw in sediment samples. Their concentrations in the water samples were as follows: diuron, < 1–53 ng/L; Sea-Nine 211, < 1–1.8 ng/L; Irgarol 1051, < 1–4.0 ng/L; dichlofluanid, < 1–343 ng/L; and chlorothalonil, < 1–1 ng/L, and the ranges of these alternative compounds in sediment samples were diuron, 32–488 ng/g dw; Sea-Nine 211, 47–591 ng/g dw; Irgarol, 33–128 ng/g dw; dichlofluanid, 67–8038 ng/g dw; and chlorothalonil, 31–2975 ng/g dw. Thus, the OTs and alternative biocides have still been detected in water and sediment samples from closed sea areas.

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Funding

This research was conducted with research funding in the Faculty of Human Sciences, Kobe University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Sciences, Kobe College, Okadayama 4-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 662-8505, Japan

    Hiroya Harino

  2. Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Madoka Ohji

  3. Hatsukaichi Branch, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, 739-0452, Japan

    Kumiko Kono, Toshimitsu Onduka, Takashi Hano & Kazuhiko Mochida

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  1. Hiroya Harino
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  2. Madoka Ohji
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  3. Kumiko Kono
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  4. Toshimitsu Onduka
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  5. Takashi Hano
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  6. Kazuhiko Mochida
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The sample collection was performed by MO, KK, TO, TH and KM. Data analysis was performed by HH. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HH and all authors commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hiroya Harino.

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Harino, H., Ohji, M., Kono, K. et al. Current Status of Antifouling Biocides Contamination in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 85, 333–348 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-023-01036-8

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