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Comparisons Between Laboratory Sediment Toxicity Test Results and Assessment of Benthic Community Changes for a Lake with Mild Metal Contamination

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Abstract

Effects of moderate-to-severe sediment contamination may be readily discernable in both sediment toxicity bioassays and benthic community assessments. However, the impact may be less obvious under conditions of relatively mild contamination and significant variation of natural environmental variables. This study evaluated sediment toxicity and benthic community impacts for a shallow eutrophic lake system with relatively low levels of sediment metal contamination. We evaluated selected sediment physical and chemical properties, as well as benthic community structure, for 50 sites along a sediment Pb contamination gradient in the lake. We tested the toxicity of sediment from 20 of the sites, using a standardized 42-days sediment bioassay with Hyalella azteca survival, reproduction, and growth endpoints. Using principal component and correlation analyses we found negative relationships for both Pb and Cu, between sediment metal concentrations and the diversity and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates. Taxa known to be metal-sensitive (e.g., Hyalella sp. and Physa sp.) were less abundant at sites with relatively higher Pb and Cu concentrations. However, amphipod performance in the chronic toxicity test was not related to sediment Pb or Cu concentrations (but was influenced by sediment organic content). Our results demonstrate that an assessment of community-level effects may be warranted even when sediment metal concentrations are too low to elicit detectable toxic effects in standardized laboratory tests.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Ecology Center and the Graduate Student Organization of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette for funding. Thanks to Amber Oguma, Marvin “Trey” Mace III, Courtney Curtis, and Stephen “Mitch” Wagener for assistance in field work, benthic sample sorting, and identifications. Thanks to Paul Leberg for advice on statistical analyses.

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  1. Andrew Y. Oguma

    Present address: Department of Biology, Division of Math and Sciences, Massasoit Community College, 1 Massasoit Boulevard, Brockton, MA, 02302, USA

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  1. Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Box 43602, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA

    Andrew Y. Oguma & Paul L. Klerks

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Correspondence to Paul L. Klerks.

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Oguma, A.Y., Klerks, P.L. Comparisons Between Laboratory Sediment Toxicity Test Results and Assessment of Benthic Community Changes for a Lake with Mild Metal Contamination. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 78, 106–116 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-019-00692-z

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