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Diversification of the Homoeologous Lr34 Sequences in Polyploid Wheat Species and Their Diploid Progenitors

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Abstract

Allopolyploidization induces a multiple processes of genomic reorganization, including the structurally functional diversification of the homoeologous genes. An example of such diversification is the appearance of the Lr34 gene on chromosome 7D of bread wheat T. aestivum (BAD), the gene conferring durable, race non-specific protection against three fungal pathogens. In this study, we focused on the variability of a functionally critical region between exons 10–12 of Lr34 among diploid progenitors of wheat genomes and their respective polyploids. In the diploid A-genome species, two basic forms of the studied region have been revealed: (1) non-functional forms containing stop codons, or/and frameshifts (T. monococcum/T. urartu) and (2) forms with no such a mutations (T. boeoticum). The Lr34 sequence of T. urartu containing a TGA stop codon was inherited by the first tetraploid T. dicoccoides (BA), and then reorganized in some accessions of this species due to the insertion of an LTR retroelement in exon 10. Besides T. boeoticum, the second form of the Lr34 sequence is also characteristic of A. speltoides, which presumably donated this form to all polyploid descendants bearing B-genome. No differences were found between the D-genome-specific Lr34 sequences studied here and downloaded from databases, implying the highest level of conservation of the Lr34 predecessor throughout evolution. The sequence data were later used to construct phylograms, and apparent peculiarities in the evolution of the studied region of Lr34 genes discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. A. Böerner, Dr. A. Graner (Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany) and Dr. O. P. Mitrofanova for supplying seeds of wheat species. This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 14.604.21.0106 from 07.07.2014; identification number RFMEFI 60414X0106).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Federal Research Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Lavrentiev ave. 10,, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090

    A. B. Shcherban & E. A. Salina

  2. Federal State Institution «Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    E. Z. Kochieva

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  1. A. B. Shcherban
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  2. E. Z. Kochieva
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  3. E. A. Salina
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Correspondence to A. B. Shcherban.

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Shcherban, A.B., Kochieva, E.Z. & Salina, E.A. Diversification of the Homoeologous Lr34 Sequences in Polyploid Wheat Species and Their Diploid Progenitors. J Mol Evol 82, 291–302 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-016-9748-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-016-9748-6

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