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Effect of bend separation distance on the mass transfer in back-to-back pipe bends arranged in a 180° configuration

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Abstract

The mass transfer to turbulent flow through back-to-back pipe bends arranged in a 180° configuration with different lengths of pipe between the bends was measured using a dissolving gypsum test section in water. The measurements were performed for bends with a radius of curvature of 1.5 times the pipe diameter (D) at a Reynolds numbers of 70,000 and Schmidt number of 1280. The maximum mass transfer in the bends decreased from approximately 1.8 times the mass transfer in the upstream pipe when there was no separation distance between the bends to 1.7 times when there was a 1D or 5D length of pipe between the bends. The location of the maximum mass transfer was on the inner sidewall downstream of the second bend when there was no separation distance between the bends. This location changed to the inner wall at the beginning of the second bend when there was a 1D long pipe between the bends, and to the inner sidewall at the end of the first bend when there was a 5D long pipe between the bends.

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Abbreviations

ΔC o :

Initial concentration difference (g/l)

C b :

Bulk flow concentration (g/l)

C w :

Pipe wall concentration (g/l)

D m :

Gypsum diffusivity in water at 25 °C (m2/s)

D :

Pipe inner diameter (m)

e :

Roughness height (m)

e/D :

Relative roughness

e + :

Relative roughness scale

h :

Mass transfer coefficient (m/s)

L :

Length of pipes between pipe bends (m)

R c :

Pipe bend radius of curvature (m)

Re :

Reynolds number

Sc :

Schmidt number

Sh :

Sherwood number

t :

Experimental time (s)

x:

Local distance along a pipe (m)

z :

Streamwise distance from the start of the first pipe bend (m)

δ :

Local instantaneous pipe surface wear (mm)

τ m :

Modified time (s)

ρ :

Gypsum density (kg/m3)

θ :

Pipe circumferential angle (°)

ϕ :

Angle along pipe bend (°)

1 :

First pipe bend

2 :

Second pipe bend

d:

Downstream pipe

i:

Intermediate pipe

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Acknowledgments

The support of CANDU Owners Group (COG) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    X. Chen

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada

    T. Le, D. Ewing & C. Y. Ching

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  1. X. Chen
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  2. T. Le
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  3. D. Ewing
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  4. C. Y. Ching
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Correspondence to C. Y. Ching.

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Chen, X., Le, T., Ewing, D. et al. Effect of bend separation distance on the mass transfer in back-to-back pipe bends arranged in a 180° configuration. Heat Mass Transfer 52, 2687–2695 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1774-9

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