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Modeling of moisture diffusivity, activation energy and energy consumption in fluidized bed drying of rough rice

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Abstract

The present work was an attempt to assess the effective moisture diffusivity, activation energy, and energy consumption of rough rice in a batch fluidized bed dryer. Drying experiments were conducted at drying air temperatures of 50, 60, and 70 °C, superficial fluidization velocities of 2.3, 2.5, and 2.8 m/s, and solids holdup of 1.32 kg. Drying kinetics showed that the whole fluidized bed drying of rough rice occurred in the falling rate period. The effective moisture diffusivity was described by an Arrhenius equation. The evaluated effective moisture diffusivity increased with drying air temperature and superficial fluidization velocity and was found to vary from 4.78 × 10−11 to 1.364 × 10−10 m2/s with R2 higher than 0.9643. The activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of Arrhenius equation were found to be in the range of 36.59–44.31 kJ/mol and 4.71 × 10−5–7.15 × 10−4 m2/s, respectively. Both maximum values of the specific energy consumption of 74.73 MJ/kg and the total energy need of 12.43 MJ were obtained at 60 °C drying air temperature and 2.8 m/s superficial fluidization velocity. Both minimum values of the specific energy consumption of 29.98 MJ/kg and the total energy need of 4.85 MJ were obtained under drying air temperature of 70 °C and superficial fluidization velocity of 2.3 m/s.

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Abbreviations

A:

Cross sectional area of distributor plate (m2)

Ca :

Specific heat capacity of air (J/kg K)

Cv :

Specific heat capacity of water vapor (J/kg K)

Deff :

Effective moisture diffusivity (m2/s)

D0 :

Factor of Arrhenius equation (m2/s)

E:

Activation energy (kJ/mol)

m:

Mass of evaporated water (kg)

M:

Moisture content (%, d.b., kg water/kg dry solid)

Me :

Equilibrium moisture content (%, d.b.)

Mi :

Initial moisture content (%, d.b.)

MR:

Moisture ratio (dimensionless)

n:

Number of data points

r:

Radial coordinate (m)

rp :

Particle radius (m)

R:

Universal gas constant (kJ/mol K)

RH:

Relative humidity (decimal)

R2 :

Coefficient of determination

SEC:

Specific energy consumption (kJ/kg)

t:

Time (s)

td :

Total drying time (s)

T:

Drying air temperature (K)

Ta :

Ambient air temperature (K)

u:

Independent variable uncertainty (decimal)

UY :

Uncertainty (decimal)

V:

Superficial fluidization velocity (m/s)

Y:

Absolute humidity of ambient air (kg water/kg dry air)

z:

Independent variable

ρa :

Density of air (kg/m3)

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank University of Tehran for providing financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

    Majid Khanali & Shahin Rafiee

  2. Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahwaz, Iran

    Alireza Banisharif

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  1. Majid Khanali
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Correspondence to Majid Khanali.

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Khanali, M., Banisharif, A. & Rafiee, S. Modeling of moisture diffusivity, activation energy and energy consumption in fluidized bed drying of rough rice. Heat Mass Transfer 52, 2541–2549 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1763-z

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