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Impact of Parkinson’s disease on proprioceptively based on-line movement control

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Abstract

Evidence suggests that Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients produce large spatial errors when reaching to proprioceptively defined targets. Here, we examined whether these movement inaccuracies result mainly from impaired use of proprioceptive inputs for movement planning mechanisms or from on-line movement guidance. Medicated and non-medicated PD patients and healthy controls performed three-dimensional reaching movements in four sensorimotor conditions that increase proprioceptive processing requirements. We assessed the influence of these sensorimotor conditions on the final accuracy and initial kinematics of the movements. If the patterns of final errors are primarily determined by planning processes before the initiation of the movement, the initial kinematics of reaching movements should show similar trends and predict the pattern of final errors. Medicated and non-medicated PD patients showed a greater mean level of final 3D errors than healthy controls when proprioception was the sole source of information guiding the movement, but this difference reached significance only for medicated PD patients. However, the pattern of initial kinematics and final spatial errors were markedly different both between sensorimotor conditions and between groups. Furthermore, medicated and non-medicated PD patients were less efficient than healthy controls in compensating for their initial spatial errors (hand distance from target location at peak velocity) when aiming at proprioceptively defined compared to visually defined targets. Considered together, the results are consistent with a selective deficit in proprioceptively based movement guidance in PD. Furthermore, dopaminergic medication did not improve proprioceptively guided movements in PD patients, indicating that dopaminergic dysfunction within the basal ganglia is not solely responsible for these deficits.

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Notes

  1. The same set of data as in Mongeon et al. (2009) was re-analysed in the present study to compare initial and final kinematics of the reaching movements across the different sensory conditions. Eleven PD patients and ten healthy controls participated in our previous study (Mongeon et al. 2009). One PD patient and one healthy subject were excluded from the present study because a number of missing diodes prevented a precise determination of the position at which 150 ms after movement onset and peak velocity occurred.

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Acknowledgments

We thank all participants for their patience during the data-collection sessions. We also thank M. Beaulieu for writing the software for data analysis and J. Kalaska for reading a previous version of this manuscript. This work was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research doctoral research award to D.M and by an operating grant from the Parkinson Society Canada (J.M).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100, boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada

    David Mongeon, Stéphanie Bergeron & Julie Messier

  2. Département de Stomatologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Pierre Blanchet

  3. Services de neurologie du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Pierre Blanchet

  4. Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    David Mongeon, Stéphanie Bergeron & Julie Messier

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  1. David Mongeon
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  2. Pierre Blanchet
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  4. Julie Messier
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Correspondence to David Mongeon.

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Mongeon, D., Blanchet, P., Bergeron, S. et al. Impact of Parkinson’s disease on proprioceptively based on-line movement control. Exp Brain Res 233, 2707–2721 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4343-4

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