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Enantiomer distribution of major chiral volatile organic compounds in botrytized grapes and wines

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Abstract

In this study, volatile organic compounds in healthy and botrytized grape berries, as well as highly botrytized wines (Tokaj selection essences) were characterized by solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography connected to mass spectrometry analysis. In total, more than 95 compounds were detected in uninfected grape berries, while botrytization significantly increased number of VOC in given grape variety. The number of detected compounds in Hungarian Tokaj selection essence (206) was doubled compare to Slovak ones. The identified compounds belong to various chemical classes such as higher alcohols followed by carbonyls, furans and terpenoids in grapes and esters of carboxylic acids as well alcohol in botrytized wines. Seven chiral compounds (α-terpineol, hotrienol, limonene, diethyl malate, 2,3–butanediol and whiskey lactones) were selected for further chiral separation. Botrytization influenced enantiomer ratio of studied terpenes in grapes of all varieties. The enantiomer distribution of α-terpineol was influenced by used wine processing technology.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of Slovak Republic for contract VEGA 1/0521/19. Great thanks belong to Tokaj wineries Ostrožovič spol. sr.o. and Tokaj & Co., s.r.o. for the cooperation and granting the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Andrea Machyňáková, Liudmyla Khvalbota & Ivan Špánik

Authors
  1. Andrea Machyňáková
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  2. Liudmyla Khvalbota
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  3. Ivan Špánik
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Contributions

AM: investigation, writing—original draft, review and editing. LK: investigation, methodology, writing—original draft. IS: conceptualization, writing—original draft, review and editing, funding acquisition, supervision, project administration.

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Correspondence to Ivan Špánik.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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This study did not contain any studies with human participants or animal experiments performed by any of the authors.

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Machyňáková, A., Khvalbota, L. & Špánik, I. Enantiomer distribution of major chiral volatile organic compounds in botrytized grapes and wines. Eur Food Res Technol 247, 2321–2331 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03792-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03792-0

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