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Direct capillary electrophoresis analysis of basic and acidic drugs from microliter volume of human body fluids after liquid-phase microextraction through nano-fibrous membrane

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Abstract

In the present work, a disposable microextraction device with a polyamide 6 nano-fibrous supported liquid membrane (SLM) is employed for the pretreatment of minute volumes of biological fluids. The device is placed in a sample vial for an at-line coupling to a commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument with UV-Vis detection (CE-UV) and injections are performed fully automatically from the free acceptor solution above the SLM with no contact between the capillary and the membrane. Up to 4-fold enrichment of model basic (nortriptyline, haloperidol, loperamide, and papaverine) and acidic (ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) drugs is achieved by optimizing the ratio of the donor to the acceptor solution volumes (16 to 4 μL, respectively). The actual setup enables SLM extractions from less than a drop of sample and is suitable for pretreatment of scarce human body fluids. Two unique methods are reported for efficient clean-up and enrichment of the basic and acidic drugs from capillary blood (formed as dried blood spot), serum, and urine samples, which enable their determination at therapeutic and/or toxic levels. The hyphenation of the SLM extraction with CE-UV analysis provides good repeatability (RSD, 2.4–14.9%), linearity (r2, 0.988–1.000), sensitivity (LOD, 0.017–0.22 mg L−1), and extraction recovery (ER, 20–106%) at short extraction times (10 min) and with minimum consumption of samples and reagents.

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Funding

Financial support from the Czech Academy of Sciences (Institute Research Funding RVO:68081715) and the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 18-13135S) is gratefully acknowledged. CRH is grateful to Universidad de Sevilla for personal funding through the V Plan Propio de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla. Jan Buk from Pardam is acknowledged for the donation of the PA6 nano-fibrous membranes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Profesor Garcia González s/n, 41012, Seville, Spain

    Cristina Román-Hidalgo, María Jesús Martín-Valero & Miguel Ángel Bello-López

  2. Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic

    Miloš Dvořák & Pavel Kubáň

Authors
  1. Cristina Román-Hidalgo
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  2. Miloš Dvořák
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  3. Pavel Kubáň
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  4. María Jesús Martín-Valero
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  5. Miguel Ángel Bello-López
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pavel Kubáň.

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Román-Hidalgo, C., Dvořák, M., Kubáň, P. et al. Direct capillary electrophoresis analysis of basic and acidic drugs from microliter volume of human body fluids after liquid-phase microextraction through nano-fibrous membrane. Anal Bioanal Chem 412, 181–191 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02225-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02225-y

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