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Phase-optimized chip-based liquid chromatography

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Abstract

In this contribution we introduce phase-optimized columns for highly efficient liquid chromatographic separations in microfluidic glass chips. In phase-optimized liquid chromatography the selectivity and geometry of the stationary phase are precisely adjusted to provide an optimal separation of a mixture of interest. The separation of nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under reversed-phase conditions was investigated. Standard HPLC was utilized to explore the retention parameters of each analyte on a set of five commercially available stationary phases. From these experiments the properties of an optimal on-chip column were calculated assuming a zero-void-volume performance for the chip chromatography. A phase-optimized on-chip column only 30 mm long provided baseline resolution of all signals within 4 min. The separation performance of a chip column comprising various stationary phases can be precisely predicted by a set of traditional HPLC experiments. The approach has great potential for the directed development of tailor-made chromatography chips for specific applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank iX-factory GmbH for fruitful cooperation in the context of the chip design and Bischoff Analysentechnik und -geräte GmbH for kindly providing the particulate material.

The authors would like to thank for financial aid support the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology within the Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand (ZIM) and the agenda for the promotion of industrial cooperative research and development (IGF) on the basis of a decision by the German Bundestag. The access was opened by the DECHEMA and organized by the AiF, Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen, Cologne, Germany (IGF Project No. 392 ZBG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    S. Thürmann & D. Belder

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  1. S. Thürmann
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  2. D. Belder
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Correspondence to D. Belder.

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Our work is dedicated to the memory of Klaus Bischoff who passed away during the course of this project.

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Thürmann, S., Belder, D. Phase-optimized chip-based liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 406, 6599–6606 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8087-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8087-y

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