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Impact of partial dopamine depletion on cognitive flexibility in BDNF heterozygous mice

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Abstract

Rationale

Cognitive flexibility is a key component of executive function and is disrupted in major psychiatric disorders. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts neuromodulatory effects on synaptic transmission and cognitive/affective behaviors. However, the causal mechanisms linking BDNF hypofunction with executive deficits are not well understood.

Objectives

Here, we assessed the consequences of BDNF hemizygosity on cognitive flexibility in mice performing an operant conditioning task. As dopaminergic-glutamatergic interaction in the striatum is important for cognitive processing, and BDNF heterozygous (BDNF+/−) mice display a higher dopamine tone in the dorsal striatum, we also assessed the effects of partial striatal dopamine depletion on task performance and glutamate release.

Results

BDNF+/− mice acquired discrimination learning as well as new rule learning during set-shifting as efficiently as wild-type mice. However, partial removal of striatal dopaminergic inputs with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) impaired these cognitive processes by impeding the maintenance of a new learning strategy in both genotypes. BDNF mutants exhibited performance impairments during reversal learning, and these deficits were associated with increased perseveration to the previously acquired strategy. Partial dopamine depletion of the striatum reversed these cognitive impairments. Additionally, reduction in depolarization-evoked glutamate release noted in the dorsal striatum of BDNF+/− mice was not observed in 6-OHDA-infused BDNF mutants indicating normalization of glutamatergic transmission in these animals.

Conclusions

Our data illustrate that BDNF signaling regulates cognitive control processes presumably by maintaining striatal dopamine-glutamate balance. Moreover, aberrations in BDNF signaling may act as a common neurobiological substrate that accounts for executive dysfunction observed in multiple psychiatric conditions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Brain and Behavioral Research Foundation, Pennsylvania Department of Health (no. 4100050909) and the National Institute of Health (NIH DA 037421) to V.P. MARC Undergraduate Student Training in Academic Research (NIH 5T34 GM 087239) provided research training support to D.G. We thank Brittany Tracy for the assistance with the genotyping.

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    1. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA

      Vinay Parikh, Sean X. Naughton, Brittney Yegla & Dawn M. Guzman

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    1. Vinay Parikh
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    2. Sean X. Naughton
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    Correspondence to Vinay Parikh.

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    All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Temple University and were in accordance with the National Institute of Health guidelines.

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    Sean X. Naughton and Brittney Yegla contributed equally to this work.

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    Parikh, V., Naughton, S.X., Yegla, B. et al. Impact of partial dopamine depletion on cognitive flexibility in BDNF heterozygous mice. Psychopharmacology 233, 1361–1375 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4229-6

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