Abstract
As major depressive disorder is becoming a more and more common issue in modern society, it is crucial to discover new possible grip points for its diagnosis and antidepressive therapy. One of them is endocannabinoid system, which has been proposed as a manager of emotional homeostasis, and thus, endocannabinoid alterations have been found in animals undergoing various preclinical models of depression procedures as well as in humans suffering from depressive-like disorders. In this review article, studies regarding those alterations have been summed up and analyzed. Another important issue raised by the researchers is the impact of currently used antidepressive drugs on endocannabinoid system so that it would be possible to predict reversibility of endocannabinoid alterations following stress exposure and, in the future, to be able to design individually personalized therapies. Preclinical studies investigating this topic have been analyzed and described in this article. Unfortunately, too few clinical studies in this field exist, what indicates an urgent need for collecting such data, so that it would be possible to compare them with preclinical outcomes and draw reliable conclusions.
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Abbreviations
- ECS:
-
Endocannabinoid system
- Δ9 :
-
-THC
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
- CB1R:
-
Cannabinoid receptor type 1
- CB2R:
-
Cannabinoid receptor type 2
- AEA:
-
Anandamide
- 2-AG:
-
2-Arachidonoylglycerol
- NAPE:
-
I-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
- NAPE-PLD:
-
NAPE-specific phospholipase D
- FAAH:
-
Fatty acid amide hydrolase
- DAG:
-
Diacylglycerol
- DAGLα:
-
Diacylglycerol lipase α
- DAGLβ:
-
Diacylglycerol lipase β
- MAGL:
-
Monoacylglycerol lipase
- NAEs:
-
N-acylethanolamines
- PEA:
-
N-palmitoylethanolamide
- OEA:
-
N-oleoylethanolamide
- SEA:
-
N-stearoylethanolamide
- 2-PG:
-
2-Palmitoylglycerol
- 2-OG:
-
2-Oleoylglycerol
- AS:
-
Alcoholics who committed suicide
- CA:
-
Chronic alcoholics
- DLPFC:
-
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
- PFC:
-
Prefrontal cortex
- OBX:
-
Olfactory bulbectomy
- PrL:
-
Prelimbic cortex
- MO:
-
Medial orbital cortex
- BLA:
-
Basolateral amygdala
- DG:
-
Dentate gyrus
- CPu:
-
Caudate-putamen, or striatum
- NAc:
-
Nucleus accumbens
- CA3:
-
Hippocampal region CA3
- CeA:
-
Central amygdaloid nucleus
- IMI:
-
Imipramine
- TIA:
-
Tianeptine
- ESC:
-
Escitalopram
- FLUO:
-
Fluoxetine
- TCP:
-
Trancylopramine
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Dragon, J., Obuchowicz, E. How depression and antidepressant drugs affect endocannabinoid system?—review of clinical and preclinical studies. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02938-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02938-z