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Rutin and orlistat produce antitumor effects via antioxidant and apoptotic actions

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Abstract

Cancer is a broad term used to describe a large number of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation that leads to tumor production. Cancer is associated with mutations in genes controlling proliferation and apoptosis, oxidative stress, fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression, and other mechanisms. Currently, most antineoplastic drugs have severe adverse effects and new effective and safe drugs are needed. This study aims to investigate the possible anticancer activity of rutin and orlistat which are both safely used clinically in humans against two breast cancer models (in vivo EAC and in vitro MCF7) and the pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1). Our results have shown that both rutin and orlistat exerted an in vivo anticancer activity as evidenced by the decrease in tumor volume, CEA level, cholesterol content, FAS, and the exerted antioxidant action (reduced MDA level and increased GSH content) and through histopathological examination. In addition, both were cytotoxic to MCF-7 and Panc-1 cell lines by promoting apoptosis. In conclusion, the anticancer activity of rutin and orlistat makes them promising candidates for cancer treatment alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs specially that they are used clinically with an acceptable safety profile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Amira Saleh, Hassan M. ElFayoumi & Waleed Barakat

  2. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia, Egypt

    Hassan M. ElFayoumi

  3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt

    Mahmoud Youns

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Oman Pharmacy Institute, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman

    Mahmoud Youns

  5. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Waleed Barakat

Authors
  1. Amira Saleh
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  2. Hassan M. ElFayoumi
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  3. Mahmoud Youns
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  4. Waleed Barakat
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Contributions

AS performed the in vivo study and analyzed data. HE designed the study and revised the manuscript. MY performed the in vitro study. WB designed the study, analyzed data, and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Waleed Barakat.

Ethics declarations

All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Handling at Zagazig University (ECAHZU).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

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Saleh, A., ElFayoumi, H.M., Youns, M. et al. Rutin and orlistat produce antitumor effects via antioxidant and apoptotic actions. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 392, 165–175 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-018-1579-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-018-1579-0

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