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Potential of different species of actinobacteria in the management of Meloidogyne javanica

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Abstract

Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are one of the most harmful soil-borne plant pathogens in the world. Actinobacteria are known phytopathogen control agents. The aim of this study was to select soil actinobacteria with control potential against the RKN (Meloidogyne javanica) in tomato plants and to determine mechanisms of action. Ten isolates were tested and a significant reduction was observed in the number of M. javanica eggs, and galls 46 days after infestation with the nematode. The results could be explained by the combination of different mechanisms including parasitism and induction of plant defense response. The M. javanica eggs were parasited by all isolates tested. Some isolates reduced the penetration of juveniles into the roots. Other isolates using the split-root method were able to induce systemic defenses in tomato plants. The 4L isolate was selected for analysis of the expression of the plant defense genes TomLoxA, ACCO, PR1, and RBOH1. In plants treated with 4L isolate and M. javanica, there was a significant increase in the number of TomLoxA and ACCO gene transcripts. In plants treated only with M. javanica, only the expression of the RBOH1 and PR1 genes was induced in the first hours after infection. The isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Streptomyces sp. (1A, 3F, 4L, 6O, 8S, 9T, and 10U), Kribbella sp. (5N), Kitasatospora sp. (2AE), and Lentzea sp. (7P). The efficacy of isolates from the Kitasatospora, Kribbella, and Lentzea genera was reported for the first time, and the efficacy of Streptomyces genus isolates for controlling M. javanica was confirmed. All the isolates tested in this study were efficient against RKN. This study provides the opportunity to investigate bacterial genera that have not yet been explored in the control of M. javanica in tomatoes and other crops.

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Abbreviations

ET:

Ethylene

ISR:

Induced systemic resistance

JA:

Jasmonic acid

SA:

Salicylic acid

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Brazilian agencies: CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Finance Code 001), FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais), and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico).

Funding

This work was supported by the Brazilian agencies: CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Finance Code 001), FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais), and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico).

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Marisa Vieira de Queiroz, Leandro Grassi de Freitas, Thalita Suelen Avelar Monteiro designed the project, supervised its execution. Material preparation, and analysis were performed by Ángela María Mogollón Ortiz. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Ángela María Mogollón Ortiz. All authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript. Marisa Vieira de Queiroz reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marisa Vieira de Queiroz.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Communicated by Yusuf Akhter.

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Mogollón-Ortiz, Á.M., Monteiro, T.S.A., de Freitas, L.G. et al. Potential of different species of actinobacteria in the management of Meloidogyne javanica. Arch Microbiol 206, 160 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-024-03874-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-024-03874-z

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