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Probiotic and technological features of Enterococcus and Weissella isolates from camel milk characterised by an Argane feeding regimen

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from a raw Moroccan camel milk collected after the incorporation of a specific Argane by-products diet, and to investigate their technological properties as well as their probiotic features. The molecular identification of the isolates indicated that they belong to Weissella confusa, Weissella cibaria or Enterococcus durans species. Our results revealed that the tested isolates have a fast acidifying ability (values ranging between 0.045 ± 0.01 to 0.93 ± 0.01 after only 4 h incubation), important proteolysis, autolysis, lipolytic activities and an important diacetyl and exopolysaccharides production. All these isolates demonstrated a high tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, namely to gastric simulated juice (survival rate ranged between 75.05 ± 7.88 and 85.55 ± 1.77%) and to bile salts (survival rate between 42.79 ± 1.11 and 82.75 ± 1.01%). The autoaggregation, hydrophobicity and antioxidant activity mean values of the isolates were 13.26–41.16%, 13.23–54.47% and 47.57–63.31%, respectively. Importantly, LAB cultures exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria and none of the tested isolates presented antibiotic resistance, haemolytic or DNase activities. This study revealed interesting properties for LAB isolated and supported their utilization as autochthone starters for camel milk fermentation that represent a challenge process. These results presented as well the probiotic potential for a possible human consumption.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mr. Outman Bouhlal from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas for his help and assistance in statistical study. Mohammed ElMoussaoui and Ahmed Zeroual are also thanked for their kind help realizing probiotic analysis.

Funding

This work is carried out with the support of the National Center for Scientific and Technical Research as part of the Research Excellence Fellowship Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology and Quality, Biotechnology/Eco-Toxicology and Biodiversity, University Hassan II Casablanca, Faculty of Science and Techniques of Mohammedia, PB 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco

    Ikram Mercha & Fouzia Zkhiri

  2. RU Animal Production and Forage, Food Technology Laboratory, INRA, RCAR-Rabat, Institutes Rabat, PB 6570, 10101, Rabat, Morocco

    Ikram Mercha, Nazha Lakram, Mohammed Rachid Kabbour, Mohammed Bouksaim & El Haj El Maadoudi

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  1. Ikram Mercha
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  2. Nazha Lakram
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Mercha, I., Lakram, N., Kabbour, M.R. et al. Probiotic and technological features of Enterococcus and Weissella isolates from camel milk characterised by an Argane feeding regimen. Arch Microbiol 202, 2207–2219 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01944-6

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