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Bacillus alcaliphilum sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from a soda lake

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Abstract

Two novel (14BT and 7B) Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, motile and endospore-forming bacterial strains were isolated from Lonar soda lake, India. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strains 14BT and 7B were identified as belonging to the class Firmibacteria and were most closely related to Bacillus halodurans LMG 7121T (99.7 and 99.8%, respectively), Bacillus okuhidensis LMG 22468T (99.1 and 99.2%, respectively) and other members in the genus Bacillus (<97.0%). However, the DNA–DNA relatedness studies indicated that the strains 14BT and 7B were distantly related to B. halodurans LMG 7121T (49.1 ± 0.6 and 45.7 ± 0.6, respectively) and B. okuhidensis LMG 22468T (40.9 ± 0.9 and 42.1 ± 0.5, respectively). The high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (99.9%) and DNA–DNA relatedness (88 ± 9) indicated that strains 14BT and 7B were members of a single species. The strains grew optimally at a pH of 9.0–9.5 with 2–5% (w/v) NaCl and temperature of 37 °C. Strains 14BT and 7B were catalase positive and oxydase negative. The cell wall of strain 14BT contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. Polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), an unknown aminophospholipid (APL1) and three unknown lipids (L1–3). The predominant isoprenoid quinone is MK-7. anteiso-C15:0 (30.8%) was the predominant fatty acid, and significant proportions of iso-C15:0 (24.9%), iso-C16:0 (17.9%) and anteiso-C17:0 (12.3%) were also detected in strains 14BT and 7B. The DNA G+C content of strains 14BT and 7B was 41.6 and 41.3 mol%, respectively. The results of molecular, physiological and biochemical tests allowed a clear differentiation of strains 14BT and 7B from all other members of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus alcaliphilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 14BT (=KCTC 33777T = CGMCC 1.15474T).

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Acknowledgements

SVR and MT thank Department of Science & Technology, Government of India, for providing FTSYS project Grants (SB/FT/LS-115/2012 and SB/FT/LS-320/2012, respectively).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Applied Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Anneparthy, Yellareddygudem (PO), Nalgonda, 508254, India

    Vishnuvardhan Reddy Sultanpuram & Thirumala Mothe

  2. Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, J. N. T. University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085, India

    Sasikala Chintalapati

  3. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, 500046, India

    Venkata Ramana Chintalapati

Authors
  1. Vishnuvardhan Reddy Sultanpuram
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  2. Thirumala Mothe
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  3. Sasikala Chintalapati
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  4. Venkata Ramana Chintalapati
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vishnuvardhan Reddy Sultanpuram.

Additional information

Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

The EMBL accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 14BT and 7B are LT617054 and LT837688, respectively. The DPD Taxonumber of the type strain 14BT is TA00127.

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203_2017_1403_MOESM1_ESM.pptx

Supplementary Fig. 1 Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatogram of polar lipid extracts of strain 14BT and phylogenetically related Bacillus species. The first direction was developed in CHCl3:CH3OH:H2O (75: 32: 4 v/v) and the second in CHCl3:CH3OH:CH3COOH:H2O (86: 16: 15: 4 v/v). PG, phosphatidylglycerol; DPG, diphosphatidylglycerol; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; APL1-3, unknown aminophospholipids; L1–7, unknown lipids (PPTX 440 kb)

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Sultanpuram, V.R., Mothe, T., Chintalapati, S. et al. Bacillus alcaliphilum sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from a soda lake. Arch Microbiol 199, 1303–1309 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1403-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1403-0

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