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Realistic modeling of direct lightning strike on a wind farm: grounding systems considerations

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Abstract

In a wind farm, the grounding circuit is a complex electrical system made up of several interconnected groundings. Its role is very important for the protection of the electrical equipment during a direct lightning strike. To contribute to the optimization of the conception of this complex grounding system in his real configuration (wind turbine towers, grounding grids, and several hundred meters of buried conductor wires …), we propose in this paper a realistic modeling. Realistic because, to model in all rigors using an electromagnetic field formalism a problem of propagation of electromagnetic transients in electrical device of large geometrical dimensions where the main environment (soil) is not homogeneous does not bring an appreciable advantage and consumes a very high calculation time. Also, the ideal for the engineer is to have a model that is easy to understand, accessible in its theory and obviously preserving the accuracy of the results and with very low computation time. In this work, to study the lightning surges in a wind farm, mainly to know the Ground Potential Rise and the distribution of the currents in the conductors, we use a modeling based on the transmission line equations. Our modeling is carried out by considering the effect of the frequency on the electrical characteristics (resistivity and dielectric permittivity) of the soil; the results we obtain are without loss of precision and with a very short calculation time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria

    Wahiba Maallem, Bachir Nekhoul & Senaa Kaouche

Authors
  1. Wahiba Maallem
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  2. Bachir Nekhoul
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  3. Senaa Kaouche
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Contributions

W. Maallem (Phd student): it has implemented in matalb the mathematical models that we propose. She carried out the validations and applications that we propose in this article. She participated in the drafting of the paper. B. Nekhoul (Professor): he proposed and directs this project. He prepared, created and presented this research work for publication. He carried out the drafting of the paper. S. Kaouche (lecturer): participated for the implementation of this new model under matlab.

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Correspondence to Bachir Nekhoul.

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Maallem, W., Nekhoul, B. & Kaouche, S. Realistic modeling of direct lightning strike on a wind farm: grounding systems considerations. Electr Eng 106, 3269–3282 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02149-y

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