Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Feasibility study on megawatt-level fast charging system for shore power supply using wireless power transfer technology

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Electrical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper investigates the challenges associated with constructing wireless chargers at the megawatt level using inductive power transfer (IPT) technology for marine energy storage systems. For marine applications, charging can only take place at a quay, meaning that only static charging is possible. In this paper, the specifications of the MF Ampere ferry have been used for the feasibility study. Through analytical calculations and PSIM simulation, it was determined that several low-power (100 kW) IPT systems need to be paralleled to achieve 1 MW power transfer. Building a single unit of 1 MW is not feasible due to the voltage and current stress across the components and limited space available onboard and onshore. However, a 100-kW power level can be implemented, despite the involved misalignments, if the primary system is kept stationary with respect to the secondary. Two proposed solutions for implementing a fast charger at the 1 MW level are presented in this paper: 10 units of 100 kW without mechanical mooring assistance or 5 units of 200 kW with mechanical mooring assistance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

References

  1. Corvus Energy, CASE STUDY: Norled AS, MF Ampere, Ferry, June (2015). Available. https://files7.webydo.com/42/421998/UploadedFiles/a4465574-14ff-4689-a033-08ac32adada1.pdf. Accessed Jul 2022.

  2. Skjong E, Volden R, Rødskar E, Molinas M, Johansen TA, Cunningham J (2016) Past, present, and future challenges of the Marine vessel’s electrical power system. IEEE Trans Transp Electrifi 2(4):522–537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. YARA and KONGSBERG enter into partnership to build world's first autonomous and zero emissions ship. Available: https://www.kongsberg.com/maritime/about-us/news-and-media/news-archive/2017/yara-and-kongsberg-enter-into-partnership-to-build-worlds-first-autonomous-and?OpenDocument. Accessed Jul 2022.

  4. Saadaoui A, Ouassaid M, Maaroufi M (2023) Overview of integration of power electronic topologies and advanced control techniques of ultra-fast EV charging stations in standalone microgrids. Energies 16:1031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Balachandran A, Jonsson T, Eriksson L (2023) DC Charging capabilities of battery-integrated modular multilevel converters based on maximum tractive power. Electricity 4:62–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gümrükcü E et al (2022) Optimal management for megawatt level electric vehicle charging stations with a grid interface based on modular multilevel converter. IEEE Access 10:258–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hui SYR, Ho WWC (2005) A new generation of universal contactless battery charging platform for portable consumer electronic equipment. IEEE Trans Power Electron 20(3):620–627

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. SAE International (2016) Wireless power transfer for light-duty plug-in/electric vehicles and alignment methodology. Available: http://standards.sae.org/wip/j2954/. Accessed Jul 2022.

  9. Bosshard R, Kolar JW (2016) Multi-objective optimization of 50 kW/85 kHz IPT system for public transport. IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 4(4):1370–1382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Passenger Transport, VISEON PRIMOVE: a study on power line-free electric mobility for public service buses. Available: http://www.passengertransport.bg/en/viseon-primove-a-study-on-power-line-free-electric-mobility-for-public-service-buses. Accessed Jul 2022.

  11. Brecher A, Arthur D (2014) Review and evaluation of wireless power transfer (WPT) for electric transit application. FTA paper No. 0060.

  12. Mi CC, Buja G, Choi SY, Rim CT (2016) Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Industr Electron 63(10):6533–6545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kim JH et al (2015) Development of 1-MW inductive power transfer system for a high-speed train. IEEE Trans Industr Electron 62(10):6242–6250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. EST-Floattech and INTIS sign agreement for the market introduction of inductive charging systems for the maritime sector (2016). Available: https://www.intis.de/assets/press-release.pdf. Accessed Jul 2022.

  15. Wärtsilä and Cavotec to develop world’s first marine wireless charging and mooring concept (2016). Available: https://www.wartsila.com/media/news/25-01-2016-wartsila-and-cavotec-to-develop-worlds-first-marine-wireless-charging-and-mooring-concept. Accessed Jul 2022.

  16. PSIM Simulation software. https://powersimtech.com/products/psim/capabilities-applications/

  17. Corvus Energy At6500 High Performance Energy Storage. Available: https://www.energy-xprt.com/products/energy-storage-systems-443951. Accessed July 2022.

  18. Deng J, Li S, Hu S, Mi CC, Ma R (2014) Design methodology of LLC resonant converters for electric vehicle battery chargers. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 63(4):1581–1592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Aditya K, Williamson SS (2014) Design considerations for loosely coupled inductive power transfer (IPT) system for electric vehicle battery charging—a comprehensive review. In: IEEE transportation electrification conference and expo (ITEC), Dearborn, MI, 2014.

  20. Aditya K, Williamson SS (2014) Comparative study of series–series and series–parallel compensation topologies for electric vehicle charging. In: IEEE 23rd international symposium on industrial electronics (ISIE), Istanbul, 2014.

  21. Villa JL, Sallan J, Sanz Osorio JF, Llombart A (2012) High-misalignment tolerant compensation topology for ICPT systems. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 59(2):945–951

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang C-S, Covic GA, Stielau OH (2004) Investigating an LCL load resonant inverter for inductive power transfer applications. IEEE Trans Power Electron 19(4):995–1002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Huang CY, Boys JT, Covic GA, Ren S (2010) LCL pick-up circulating current controller for inductive power transfer systems. IEEE Energy Convers Congress Expo, Atlanta. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2010.5617952

  24. Guidi G, Suul JA (2015) Minimization of converter ratings for MW-scale inductive charger operated under widely variable coupling conditions. In: IEEE PELS workshop on emerging technologies: wireless power (2015 WoW), pp 1–7

  25. G. Guidi and J. A. Suul (2016) Minimizing converter requirements of inductive power transfer systems with constant voltage load and variable coupling conditions. In: IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 63, no. 11, pp 6835–6844, 2016.

  26. Bosshard R, Kolar JW, Mühlethaler J, Stevanović I, Wunsch B, Canales F (2015) Modeling and η-α-pareto optimization of inductive power transfer coils for electric vehicles. IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 3(1):50–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Vorperian V (1990) Simplified analysis of PWM converters using model of PWM switch. Continuous conduction mode. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 26(3):490–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Covic GA, Boys JT (2013) Modern trends in inductive power transfer for transportation applications. IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 1(1):28–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Rahman S, Candan MY, Tamyurek B et al (2022) Design and implementation of a 10 kV/10 kW high-frequency center-tapped transformer. Electr Eng 104:2603–2619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Yadollahi M, Lesani H (2018) Power transformer optimal design (PTOD) using an innovative heuristic method combined with FEM technique. Electr Eng 100:823–838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Ibrahim M (2014) Wireless inductive charging for electric vehicles: electromagnetic modelling and interoperability analysis. Universite Paris-Sud.

  32. OSCO (2017) Litz Wire & Winding Wire | Cable & Litz Wire. Available: http://www.osco.uk.com/products/cable-and-litz-wire/litz-wire-winding-wire. Accessed July 2022.

  33. Mühlethaler J, Kolar W, Ecklebe A (2011) Loss modeling of inductive components employed in power electronics. In: International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia, Jeju, 2011

  34. Aditya K (2016) Design and implementation of an IPT system for wireless charging of future electric transportation. UOIT, Oshawa, Canada, Ph.D. thesis

  35. National Wire Cable Designers Guide. Available: http://www.nationalwire.com/pdf/cat07_design_guideV10.pdf. Accessed July 2022.

  36. CAS300M17BM2 Datasheet. Available: http://www.wolfspeed.com/downloads/dl/file/id/185/product/102/cas300m17bm2.pdf. Accessed July 2022.

  37. Ferroxcube (2013) Soft ferrites and accessories, Data Handbook. Available: http://www.ferroxcube.com. Accessed July 2022.

  38. TDK Ferrites, Available: https://product.tdk.com/info/en/catalog/datasheets/ferrite_mnzn_material_characteristics_en.pdf.

  39. Aditya K, Sood VK, Williamson SS (2017) Magnetic characterization of unsymmetrical coil pairs using archimedean spirals for wider misalignment tolerance in IPT systems. IEEE Trans Transp Electrif 3(2):454–463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Vishay Roederstein (2022) General technical information film capacitors—vishay. Available: http://www.vishay.com/docs/26033/gentechinfofilm.pdf. Accessed July 2022

  41. Shin J et al (2014) Design and implementation of shaped magnetic-resonance-based wireless power transfer system for roadway-powered moving electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Industr Electron 61(3):1179–1192

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

No funding to paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

    Kunwar Aditya, Sushan Pradhan & Avishek Munsi

Authors
  1. Kunwar Aditya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sushan Pradhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Avishek Munsi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

KA did the original research and wrote the paper. SP contributed to editing, investigation, and formal analysis. AM contributed to editing, investigation, and formal analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kunwar Aditya.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

No, I declare that the authors have no competing interests as defined by Springer, or other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and/or discussion papered in this paper.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Aditya, K., Pradhan, S. & Munsi, A. Feasibility study on megawatt-level fast charging system for shore power supply using wireless power transfer technology. Electr Eng 106, 1569–1583 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-01969-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-01969-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation