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Global burden of hip fracture: The Global Burden of Disease Study

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Abstract

Summary

This study is the first to measure global burden of hip fracture in patients aged 55 years and older across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Our study further proved that the global burden of hip fracture is still large. Hip fractures among males are perhaps underestimated, and older adults should be given more attention.

Purpose

Hip fracture is a tremendous universal public health challenge, but no updated comprehensive and comparable assessment of hip fracture incidence and burden exists for most of the world in older adults.

Methods

Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2019, we estimated the number and rates of the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD) of hip fracture across 204 countries and territories in patients aged 55 years and older from 1990 to 2019.

Results

In 2019, the incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates of hip fracture in patients aged 55 years and older were 681.35 (95% UI 508.36–892.27) per 100000 population, 1191.39 (95% UI 1083.80–1301.52) per 100000 population, and 130.78 (95% UI 92.26–175.30) per 100000 population. During the three decades, the incidence among people aged below 60 years showed a downward trend, whereas it showed a rapid upward trend among older adults. All the numbers and rates of hip fractures among females were higher than those among males and increased with age, with the highest number and rate in the highest age group. Notably, the male to female ratio of the incidence for people aged over 55 years increased from 0.577 in 1990 to 0.612 in 2019. Falls were the leading cause among both sexes and in all age groups.

Conclusions

The incidence and the number of hip fractures among patients aged 55 years and older increased over the past three decades, indicating that the global burden of hip fracture is still large. Hip fractures among males are perhaps underestimated, and older adults should be given more attention.

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Data availability

To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange GBD 2019 website.

Abbreviations

YLD:

years lived with disability

GBD:

the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study

UIs:

uncertainty intervals

DisMod-MR 2.1:

the Bayesian meta-regression disease model version 2.1

DXA:

dual X-ray absorptiometry

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (Grants No. 2020YFC2009004), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81874010 and 82202701) and the PKU - Baidu Fund (Grant No. 2020BD014).

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Author notes

  1. Jing-nan Feng and Cheng-gui Zhang contributed equally as joint first authors.

  2. Sheng-feng Wang and Chun-li Song contributed equally as joint corresponding authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Jing-nan Feng, Si-yan Zhan & Sheng-feng Wang

  2. Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China

    Cheng-gui Zhang

  3. Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China

    Cheng-gui Zhang & Chun-li Song

  4. Institute of Medical Innovation, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China

    Bao-hua Li

  5. Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China

    Si-yan Zhan

  6. Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Si-yan Zhan

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  1. Jing-nan Feng
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Feng, Jn., Zhang, Cg., Li, Bh. et al. Global burden of hip fracture: The Global Burden of Disease Study. Osteoporos Int 35, 41–52 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06907-3

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