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Younger age and hamstring tendon graft are associated with higher IKDC 2000 and KOOS scores during the first year after ACL reconstruction

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

Although reference values in healthy subjects have been published for both the International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 subjective knee form (IKDC 2000) and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), data obtained during the first year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) are sparse. The aim was to establish patient reference values for both questionnaires at different time points and depending on nine individual patient characteristics during the first year after ACL-R.

Methods

Prospectively recorded data from a hospital-based registry were retrospectively extracted from the database. IKDC 2000 and KOOS questionnaires were self-administered pre-operatively and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 and 12 months following primary ACL-R. Score values were compared according to nine individual patient criteria: gender, age, body mass index, level of activity, involvement in competition, previous contralateral knee injury and/or surgery, graft type, meniscal repair and/or cartilage lesions. The feature which had a significant and consistent impact on the outcomes was considered as main reference.

Results

Two-hundred and nighty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the score values increased over time after ACL-R. At 12 months, they were significantly greater than at any other time point (p < 0.05). The main individual feature influencing the IKDC 2000 score was age. Patients below 30 years of age had up to 9 points higher IKDC 2000 score values at all time points (p < 0.05). The main individual characteristic influencing the KOOS score was graft type. Patients with hamstring tendon grafts (STGR) had up to 15 points higher KOOS score values than patients with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) grafts during the first months after ACL-R (p < 0.05). At 12 months, no differences in KOOS score values could be identified anymore.

Conclusions

Younger age (< 30 years) and STGR grafts were related to higher IKDC 2000 and KOOS score values within the first year after primary ACL-R. The patient reference values adjusted to age and graft provided in this study may help to identify patients with lower outcomes within the first year after ACL-R.

Level of evidence

Level III.

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Abbreviations

ADL:

Activity of daily living

ACL:

Anterior cruciate ligament

ACL-R:

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

BMI:

Body mass index

BPTB:

Bone–patellar tendon–bone graft

IKDC 2000:

The International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 subjective knee form KOOS—Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score

MDC:

Minimal detectable change

STGR:

Hamstring tendon graft

QOL:

Quality of life

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Acknowledgements

This study is part of the ACL-Clinical Pathway Project (Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg and Luxembourg Institute of Health). The authors would like to thank the following persons involved: Dr Alexander Hoffmann, Mrs Hélène Agostinis, the physical therapy team and the research nurse of the Clinique d’Eich.

Funding

The research did not receive any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. European Clinic of Sports Traumatology and Orthopaedics (ECSTO), European Medical Center (EMC), Orlovsky pereulok, 7, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation

    Nina Magnitskaya

  2. Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Nina Magnitskaya

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg–Clinique d’Eich, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Caroline Mouton, Dietrich Pape & Romain Seil

  4. Exercise Science and Neuroscience, Department Exercise and Health, Faculty of Science, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany

    Alli Gokeler

  5. Luxembourg Institute of Research for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Science (LIROMS), Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Alli Gokeler

  6. Department of Sports Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg – Clinique d’Eich, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Christian Nuehrenboerger

  7. Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Romain Seil

Authors
  1. Nina Magnitskaya
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  2. Caroline Mouton
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  4. Christian Nuehrenboerger
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nina Magnitskaya.

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Conflict of interest

Nina Magnitskaya, Caroline Mouton, Alli Gokeler, Christian Nuehrenboerger, Dietrich Pape and Romain Seil declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All patients signed a written informed consent to enter this study approved by the National Ethics Committee for Research (N°201101/05 version 1.0). Data acquisition was reported to the National Data Protection Committee.

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Magnitskaya, N., Mouton, C., Gokeler, A. et al. Younger age and hamstring tendon graft are associated with higher IKDC 2000 and KOOS scores during the first year after ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28, 823–832 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05516-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05516-0

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