Skip to main content
Log in

Concurrent tolerance design

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Research in Engineering Design Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Technical drawings are constituted by three components that are strongly correlated: the geometry showing the part shape, the dimensions defining the part volume and the tolerances establishing the variability of the two previously described components. A general methodology to assign the tolerances, especially geometric tolerances, to all the components of an assembly has not been clearly defined up to now. This is probably due to the complexity of the problem and to the existing gap between the existing standards and the industrial designers’ common practices. In this work, a new general methodology to assign dimensional and geometric tolerances to all the components of an assembly with a concurrent design approach is proposed. It takes into consideration the relationships between tolerances and a set of design principles that have been naturally extracted from the standards and literature and from a deep discussion with the Italian Association of Industrial Designers. In order to demonstrate and validate the proposed approach, the methodology has been applied to two real case studies: a volumetric gear pump and a pneumatic actuator.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anselmetti B (2001) Generation of functional tolerancing based on positioning features. Comput Aided Des 38:902–919

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armillotta A, Semeraro Q (2011) Geometric tolerance specification. In: Colosimo BM, Senin N (eds) Geometric tolerances. Springer, pp 3–37

  • Ballu A, Mathieu L (1995) Univocal expression of functional and geometric tolerances for design, manufacturing and inspection. In: Kimura (ed) Proceedings of the 4th CIRP design seminar. Chapman & Hall, London, pp 31–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley HD, Maropoulos PG (1998) A relation-based product model for computer-supported early design assessment. J Mater Process Technol 76:88–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clément A, Rivière A, Temmerman M (1994) Cotation Tridimensionelle des Systèmes Mécaniques; PYC

  • Creveling CM (1996) Tolerance design: a handbook for developing optimal specifications. Addison-Wesley, Reading

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross N, Christiaans H, Dorst K (1996) Analysing design activity. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster LW (1994) Geo-metrics III. Addison-Wesley Longman Inc., Reading

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu J, Xiong G (2005a) Concurrent design of a geometric parameter and tolerance for assembly and cost. Int J Prod Res 43(2):267–293

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Hu J, Xiong G (2005b) Dimensional and geometric tolerance design based on constraints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 26:1099–1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krulikowski A (1998) Fundamentals of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing. Delmar Publishers, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanzotti A, Catalano S, Podda G (2000) Functional dimensioning and ASME dimensioning: actual situation and perspectives. In: Proceedings of the III Seminario Italo-Espanõl de Diseño. Bilbao, pp 1–17

  • Lee WJ, Woo TC (1990) Tolerances: their analysis and synthesis. J Eng Ind 112:113–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu C, Zhao WH, Yu SJ (2012) Concurrent tolerance design for manufacture and assembly with a game theoretic approach. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 62(1–4):303–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meadows JD (1995) Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing: applications and techniques for used in design, manufacturing and inspection. Dekker

  • Mejbri H, Anselmetti B, Mawussi B (2003) A recursive tolerancing method with sub-assembly generation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international symposium on assembly and task planning. Besançon, France, pp 235–240

  • Mejbri H, Anselmetti B, Mawussi K (2005) Functional tolerancing of complex mechanisms: identification and specification of key parts. Comput Ind Eng 49:241–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Panneer R, Sivaramakrishnan V (2012) An integrated methodology for geometric tolerance analysis and value specification based on arithmetical, graphical and analytical methods. In: Sathiyamoorthy S (ed) Emerging trends in science, engineering and technology. Springer, Berlin, pp 362–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Salomons OW, Jonge Poerink HJ, Haalboom FJ, van Slooten F, van Houten FJAM, Kals HJJ (1996) A computer-aided tolerancing tool I: tolerance specification. Comput Ind 31:161–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saravanan A, Balamurugan C, Sivakumar K, Ramabalan S (2014) Optimal geometric tolerance design framework for rigid parts with assembly function requirements using evolutionary algorithms. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 73(9–12):1219–1236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Straneo SL, Consorti R (1991) Machine design. Principato Editore, Milano

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsai JC, Wang WW (1999) Development of a computer-aided tolerancing system in CAD environment. In: van Hoten, Kals (eds) Proceedings of the 6th CIRP international seminar on computer-aided tolerancing. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, pp 47–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Weill RD (1997) Dimensioning and tolerancing for function. In: Zhang HC (ed) Advanced tolerancing techniques. Wiley, New York, pp 329–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson BA (1996) Design, dimensioning and tolerancing based on the ASME Y14.5M-1994 standard. The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Tinley Park

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeid I (1991) CAD/CAM theory and practice. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wilma Polini.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Polini, W. Concurrent tolerance design. Res Eng Design 27, 23–36 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-015-0203-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-015-0203-2

Keywords

Navigation