Abstract
The justification and rationality of this paper is to present some fundamental principles, theories, and concepts that we believe moulds the nucleus of a good artificial intelligence (AI) society. The morally accepted significance and utilitarian concerns that stems from the inception and realisation of an AI’s structural foundation are displayed in this study. This paper scrutinises the structural foundation, fundamentals, and cardinal righteous remonstrations, as well as the gaps in mechanisms towards novel prospects and perils in determining resilient fundamentals, accountability, and AI’s convoluted and responsible implications. We outline a number of salient and practical benefits, in which to place moral norms within the mise en scène of AI, to delineate the rudimentary ethical dilemmas and decorous directions within the realms of AI.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams R (2021) Can artificial intelligence be decolonized? Interdiscip Sci Rev 46(1–2):176–197
Bell G (2018) Decolonising AI. Lecture Delivered at the Australia National University.
Berente M, Gu B, Recker J, Santhanam R (2021) Managing artificial intelligence. MIS Q 45(3):1433–1450
Bergstein B (2017) AI isn’t very smart yet. But we need to get moving to make sure automation works for more people. MIT Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States. https://www.technologyreview.com/s/609318/the-great-ai-paradox/. Accessed on 6 June 21
Birhane A (2019) The algorithmic colonization of Africa. Real Life, July 18. https://reallifemag.com/the-algorithmic-colonization-of-africa/. Accessed 15 Oct 2021
Brady H (2019) The challenge of big data and data science. Annu Rev Polit Sci 22:297–323
Braun M, Hummel P, Beck S, Dabrock P (2020) Primer on an ethics of AI-based decision support systems in the clinic. J Med Ethics 47(12):e3–e3
Brundage, M, Avin, S, Clark, J, Toner, H, Eckersley, P, Garfinkel, B, Dafoe, A, Scharre, P, Zeitzoff, T, Filar, B, Anderson, H, Roff, H, Allen, GC, Steinhardt, J, Flynn, C, Ó hÉigeartaigh, S, Beard, S, Belfield, H, Farquhar, S, Lyle, C, Crootof, R, Evans, O, Page, M, Bryson, J, Yampolskiy R, and Amode D (2018) The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation. (n.d.). arXiv.org e-Print archive. https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1802/1802.07228.pdf. Accessed 24 Mar 21
Brynjolfsson E, Rock D, Syverson C, National Bureau of Economic Research (2017) Artificial intelligence and the modern productivity paradox: a clash of expectations and statistics. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge
Čerka P, Grigienė J, Sirbikytė G (2017) Is it possible to grant legal personality to artificial intelligence software systems? Comput Law Secur Rev 33(5):685–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.03.022
Christakis T (2020) European digital sovereignty’: Successfully navigating between the ’Brussels Efect’ and Europe’s quest for strategic autonomy. Archived manuscript
Crowder JA (2010) Flexible object architectures for hybrid neural processing systems. In: International conference on artificial intelligence, ICAI’10
Crowder JA (2011) Metacognition and metamemory concepts for AI systems. In: International conference on artificial intelligence, ICAI’11
Crowder G (2013) Theories of multiculturalism: an introduction. Polity Press, Oxford. p 256. Pbk J Soc Policy 43(4):854–855
Dean T (2012) Evolution and moral diversity. Baltic international yearbook of cognition, logic and communication, vol 7
Dennis L, Fisher M, Slavkovik M, Webster M (2016) Formal verification of ethical choices in autonomous systems. Robot Auton Syst 77:1–14
Donaldson T, Dunfee TW (1999) Ties that bind: a social contracts approach to business ethics. Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge
DSTI (2019a) Sierra Leone National Innovation and Digital Strategy (2019–2029). [online]. https://www.dsti.gov.sl/sierra-leone-national-innovation-digital-strategy-2019-2029/. Accessed 24 Jan 2022
DSTI (2019b) file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/DSTI-STP(2019b)10-E.pdf. Accessed 15 Aug 21
Edelmann A, Wolf T, Montagne D, Bail CA (2020) Computational social science and sociology. Annu Rev Sociol 46:61–81
European Commission (2018) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Artificial Intelligence for Europe. https://ec.europa.eu/digital-singlemarket/en/news/communication-artificial-intelligence-europe. Accessed 24 June 21
European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (2019) Future of work, future of society. Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft und Ethik 24(1):391–424. https://doi.org/10.1515/jwiet-2019-0017. Accessed 24 Nov 2022
EPRS (2020) Artificial intelligence (AI): new developments and innovations applied to e-commerce: Challenges to the functioning of the Internal Market, Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies, European Parliament, 2020
Explaining the EU action plan for financing sustainable growth (2018) PRI. https://www.unpri.org/sustainable-financial-system/explaining-the-eu-action-plan-for-financing-sustainable-growth/3000.article
Floridi L (2013) The Ethics of Information. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Floridi L (2019) Translating principles into practices of digital ethics: five risks of being unethical. Philos Technol 32(2):185–193
Floridi L, Cowls J, Beltrametti M, Chatila R, Chazerand P, Dignum V, Luetge C, Madelin R, Pagallo U, Rossi F et al (2018a) AI4People—an ethical framework for a good AI society: opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Mind Mach 28(4):689–707
Floridi L, Cowls J, Beltrametti M et al (2018b) AI4People—an ethical framework for a good AI Society: opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds Mach 28(4):689–707
Floridi L, Cowls J, Beltrametti M et al (2018c) AI4People—an ethical framework for a good AI society: opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds Mach 28:689–707
Floridi L, Cowls J, Beltrametti M, Chatila R, Chazerand P, Dignum V, Luetge C, Madelin R, Pagallo U, Rossi F, Schafer B, Valcke P, Vayena E (2018d) AI4People—an ethical framework for a good AI society: opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds Mach 28(4):689–707
Floridi L, Cowls J, Beltrametti M, Chatila R, Chazerand P, Dignum V et al (2019) AI4People—an ethical framework for a good AI society: opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds Mach 28:689–707
Floridi L, Cowls J, King TC et al (2020) How to design AI for social good: seven essential factors. Sci Eng Ethics 26:1771–1796
Frey CB (2019) The technology trap. Princeton University Press
Gado S, Kempen R, Lingelbach K, Bipp T (2021) Artificial intelligence in psychology: how can we enable psychology students to accept and use artificial intelligence? Psychol Learn Teach 21(1):37–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/14757257211037149
Galas L, Burel C, Schapman D, Ropitaux M, Bernard S, Bénard M et al (2021) Comparative Structural and functional analyses of the fusiform, oval, and triradiate morphotypes of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Pt3 strain. Front Plant Sci 12:638181. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.638181
Garvey C (2019) Artificial intelligence and Japan’s fifth generation: the information society, neoliberalism, and alternative modernities. Pac Histor Rev 88(4):619–658
Gray ML, Suri S (2019) Ghost work: how to stop Silicon Valley from building a new global underclass. Eamon Dolan Books, Boston
Griffith MK (2018) A comprehensive security approach: Bolstering Finnish cybersecurity capacity. J Cyber Policy 3(3):407–429
Gibson W (2016) Neuromancer. Gollancz, London
Hern A (2020) Facebook bans ‘deepfake’ videos in run-up to US election. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/jan/07/facebook-bans-deepfake-videos-in-run-up-to-us-election. Accessed 15 Oct 2021
Hoey J, Schröder T, Morgan J, Rogers KB, Rishi D, Nagappan M (2018) Artificial intelligence and social simulation: studying group dynamics on a massive scale. Small Group Res 49(6):647–683
Hogarth I (2018) AI nationalisms. IEEE Global Initiative (2016). Ethically aligned design. IEEE Standards, 1
Hummel P, Braun M, Dabrock P (2019) Data donations as exercises of sovereignty. In: Krutzinna J, Floridi L (eds) The ethics of medical data donation. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 23–54. https://plus.google.com/+UNESCO (2020). Artificial Intelligence. [online] UNESCO. https://en.unesco.org/artificial-intelligence. Accessed 6 Jan 2022
ITU (2019) https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx. Accessed 15 June 2021
ITU (2020). How artificial intelligence could shape the mobility industry for the better. ITU News. https://news.itu.int/how-artificial-intelligence-could-shape-the-mobility-industry-for-the-better/. Acccessd 24 May 21
Kalluri P (2020) Don’t ask if artificial intelligence is good or fair, ask how it shifts power. Nature 583(7815):169–169. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02003-2
Kello L (2017) The virtual weapon and international order. Yale University Press, New Haven
King T, Aggarwal N, Taddeo M, Floridi L (2018) Artificial intelligence crime: an interdisciplinary analysis of foreseeable threats and solutions. SSRN Electron J. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-018-00081-0
Korteling JE, van de Boer-Visschedijk GC, Blankendaal RAM, Boonekamp RC, Eikelboom AR (2021) Human- versus artificial intelligence. Front Artif Intell 4:622364. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2021.622364
Leonhard G (2017) Technology vs. humanity. https://doi.org/10.15358/9783800655342. Acessed 6 Oct 2021
Li M, Gao J, Zhou C, Shen XS, Zhuang W (2021) Slicing-based artificial intelligence service provisioning on the network edge: balancing AI service performance and resource consumption of data management. IEEE Veh Technol Mag 16(4):16–26. https://doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2021.3114655
Lichtenthaler U (2020) Extremes of acceptance: employee attitudes toward artificial intelligence. J Bus Strat 41:39–45
Markus ML (2017) Datification, organizational strategy, and IS research: what’s the score? J Strateg Inf Syst 26(3):233–241
Mittelstadt B (2019) Principles alone cannot guarantee ethical AI. Nat Mach Intell 1(11):501–507
Mittelstadt B, Ben Fairweather N, Shaw M, McBride N (2016) The ethical implications of personal health monitoring. Int J Technoethics 5(2):37–60
Mockute R, Desai S, Perera S, Assuncao B, Danysz K, Tetarenko N, Gaddam D, Abatemarco D, Widdowson M, Beauchamp S, Cicirello S, Mingle E (2019) Artificial intelligence within pharmacovigilance: a means to identify cognitive services and the framework for their validation. Pharm Med 33(2):109–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40290-019-00269-0
Mohamed S (2018) Decolonising Artificial Intelligence. http://blog.shakirm.com/2018/10/decolonising-artificial-intelligence/
Mohamed S, Png M, Isaac W (2020) Decolonial AI: decolonial theory as sociotechnical foresight in artificial intelligence. Philos Technol 33(4):659–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00405-8
Mökander J, Schroeder R (2021) AI and social theory. AI Soc. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01222-z
Morley J, Kinsey L, Elhalal A, Garcia F, Ziosi M, Floridi L (2021) Operationalising AI ethics: barriers, enablers and next steps. AI Soc
Montreal Declaration for a Responsible Development of Artificial Intelligence (2017) Announced at the conclusion of the forum on the socially responsible development of AI. https://recherche.umontreal.ca/english/strategic-initiatives/montreal-declaration-for-a-responsible-ai/. Accessed 15 Oct 2021
Nerurkar M, Wadephul C, Wiegerling K (2016) Ethics of big data: Introduction. Int Rev Inf Ethics 24
Nunes JACC, Cruz ICS, Nunes A, Pinheiro HT (2020) Speeding up coral reef 787 conservation with AI-aided automated image analysis. Nat Mach Intell 2(292–788):292. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-020-0192-3
OECD (2017) Algorithms and collusion: competition policy in the digital age. https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/Algorithms-and-colllusion-competition-policy-in-thedigital-age.pdf
Page S (2018) The model thinker: what you need to know to make data work for you. Basic Books, New York
Peña P, Varon J (2019) Decolonising AI: a transfeminist approach to data and social justice. GIS watch 2019: artificial intelligence: human rights, social justice and development, Association for Progressive Communication, Article 19 and Swedish international Development Cooperation Agency
Parnas DL (2017) The real risks of artificial intelligence. Commun ACM 60(10):27–31. https://doi.org/10.1145/3132724 (Accessed on 24/5/21)
Panetta K (2019) 5 Trends appear on the Gartner hype cycle for emerging technologies. Gartner, Inc. https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/5-trends-appear-on-the-gartner-hype-cycle-for-emergingtechnologies-2019/
Rist L, Felton A, Nyström M, Troell, M, Sponseller RA, Bengtsson J, Österblom H, Lindborg R, Tidåker P, Angeler DG, Milestad R, MoenJ (2014) Applying resilience thinking to production ecosystems. Ecosphere 5(6):art73. https://doi.org/10.1890/es13-00330.
Rouse WB, Spohrer JC (2018) Automating versus augmenting intelligence. J Enterp Transform 8:1–21
Spohrer J, Banavar G (2015) Cognition as a service: an industry perspective. AI Mag 36(4):71–86
Stahl B, Andreou A, Brey P, Hatzakis T, Kirichenko A, Macnish K, Laulhé Shaelou S, Patel A, Ryan M, Wright D (2021) Artificial intelligence for human flourishing—beyond principles for machine learning. J Bus Res 124:374–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.11.030
Taddeo M, Floridi L (2018) How AI can be a force for good. Science 361(6404):751–752. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat5991
Taddeo M (2018) The limits of deterrence theory in cyberspace. Philos Technol 31(3):339–355
Timmers P (2019a) Ethics of AI and cyber security when sovereignty is at stake. Mind Mach 29(4):635–645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-019-09508-4
Timmers P (2019b) Strategic autonomy and cybersecurity. EU cyber direct: Supporting EU cyber diplomacy
Van Belkom R (2019) The impact of artificial intelligence on the activities of a futurist. World Futures Rev 12(2):156–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/1946756719875720.Accessedon15/3/21)
Wang Z (2007) Artificial psychology. In: Smith MJ, Salvendy G (eds) Human interface and the management of information. Methods, techniques and tools in information design. Human interface 2007. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 4557. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73345-4_25
Wang Z, Xie L (1999) Artificial psychology: an attainable scientific research on the human brain. In: Proceedings of the second international conference on intelligent processing and manufacturing of materials. IPMM’99 (Cat. No.99EX296), vol 2, pp 1067–1072. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.791528
Wang Z, Zhao Y, Hao C, Nagai M, Cui G (2001) An expert system of commodity choose applied with artificial psychology. In: 2001 IEEE international conference on systems, man and cybernetics. e-systems and e-man for cybernetics in cyberspace (Cat. No. 01CH37236), vol 4, pp 2326–2330. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.2001.972904
Wang Z, Xie L, Lu T (2016) Research progress of artificial psychology and artificial emotion in China. CAAI Trans Intell Technol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trit.2016.11.003
World Economic Forum (2018) White paper: a framework for developing a national artificial intelligence strategy. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_National_AI_Strategy.pdf. Accessed 15 May 21
Yang (2001) Intangible assets and growth accounting: evidence from computer investments. Unpublished paper. MIT 85(61):28
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paraman, P., Anamalah, S. Ethical artificial intelligence framework for a good AI society: principles, opportunities and perils. AI & Soc 38, 595–611 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01458-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01458-3