Abstract
Both livestock-manure and livestock-manure-derived biochar have been used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil. However, direct comparisons of the heavy metal stabilization efficiency of livestock-manure and EQC-manure-biochar (derived from an equal quantity of corresponding livestock-manure) are limited. In the present study, the effect of livestock-manures and EQC-manure-biochars on soil properties and heavy metal bioavailability and leachability were compared using two contrasting soils (Ferralsols and Fluvisols). The results showed that both the livestock-manures and EQC-manure-biochars significantly changed soil pH, available phosphorus, available potassium, alkaline nitrogen and organic matter content (p < 0.05), but the trends were variable. In Ferralsols, the DTPA-extractable Cd and Zn decreased by -0.38%~5.70% and − 3.79%~9.98% with livestock-manure application and by -7.99%~7.23% and − 5.67%~7.17% with EQC-manure-biochars application. In Fluvisols, the DTPA-extractable Cd and Zn decreased by 13.39%~17.41% and − 45.26%~14.24% with livestock-manure application and by 10.76%~16.90% and − 36.38%~16.37% with EQC-manure-biochar application. Furthermore, the change in TCLP-extractable Cd and Zn in both soils was similar to that of DTPA-extractable Cd and Zn. Notably, the Cd and Zn stabilization efficiency of the EQC-manure-biochars was no better than that of the corresponding livestock-manures. These results suggest that the use of livestock-manure-derived biochar is not cost-effective for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Open Funding Project of National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering (614222210022213); Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (242300421237, 232300420163); the Key Project of the Science and Technology Research of Henan Provincial Department of Education (23A610013). We would also like to thank the Henan Dabieshan National Field Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem.
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Conceptualization, Writing- Reviewing and Editing: Yangyang Wang; Investigation, Visualization and Methodology: Zhiqiang Jiao; Investigation, Data curation: Shiji Ge, Ming Chen; Writing- Reviewing and Editing: Paramsothy Jeyakumar, Hailong Wang, Xiaojun Xu.
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Jiao, Z., Ge, S., Chen, M. et al. Does livestock-Manure-Derived Biochar Suitable for the Stabilization of Cadmium and Zinc in Contaminated Soil?. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 112, 57 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03881-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03881-2