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Sediment-connected Potentially Toxic Element Contamination and Phytoremediation Potential of Native Aquatic Macrophytes along the Jajrood River, Tehran Province, Iran

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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze Cu, Fe, and Pb contamination in sediments and also phytoremediation ability of bulrush (Typha Latifolia) and one-rowed water-cress (Nasturtium microphyllum) along the Jajrood River, Iran in 2022. In so doing, a total of 60 sediment and macrophyte samples were collected from four sites. The contents of the analyzed elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Also, the values of pollution index (PI), pollution load index (PLI), bioconcentration factor (BCF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), transfer factor (TF) and metal accumulation index (MAI) were calculated. The results demonstrated that the average contents of Cu, Fe, and Pb were lower than those in the background, which presumably demonstrated natural sources of these metals. The greatest concentrations of analyzed elements for all the sediment and macrophyte samples were observed in specimens collected from S4 located at the end of the river, indicating the impact of anthropogenic entries from upstream areas on elemental accumulation in downstream section of the river. The values of PI reflected slight contamination. The higher BCF and lower translocation TF values of Fe and Pb in T. Latifolia and also Cu in N. microphyllum imply that these species could be suitable for their phytostabilization of above-mentioned elements from the sediment. This study provides evidenceas to the efficiency of T. Latifolia and N. microphyllum in bioremediation of Cu, Fe, and Pb in contaminated aquatic environments.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University for providing facilities to conduct and complete this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

    Fatemeh Kakouei Dinaki, Mehrdad Cheraghi, Bahareh Lorestani & Soheil Sobhanardakani

  2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Waste and Wastewater Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

    Atefeh Chamani

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  1. Fatemeh Kakouei Dinaki
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Correspondence to Mehrdad Cheraghi.

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Dinaki, F., Cheraghi, M., Lorestani, B. et al. Sediment-connected Potentially Toxic Element Contamination and Phytoremediation Potential of Native Aquatic Macrophytes along the Jajrood River, Tehran Province, Iran. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 111, 65 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-023-03823-4

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