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Effects on Ultrastructure, Composition and Specific Surface Area of the Gills of Odontesthes bonariensis Under Subchronic Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Exposure

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Abstract

Gills represent one of the major sites of gas exchange of fish, consequently they are in continuous close contact with the aquatic environment and its pollutants. In the present study the effects on gills of pejerrey fish, Odontesthes bonariensis, under glyphosate-based herbicide subchronic exposure were analyzed. Adult animals were exposed to sublethal concentrations of a glyphosate-based commercial formulation (1 and 10 PMG mg L−1, PMG: glyphosate active ingredient) for 15 days, while control group was maintained in rearing water. Ultrastructural changes in gills were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composition of the surface epithelium and specific surface area were determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and N2 (g) adsorption–desorption isotherms, respectively. The herbicide exposure induced severe alterations in gill ultrastructure, as shown in the SEM micrographs. Accordingly, an increase in surface area of the gills of exposed animals was determined. These results support that gills parameters of freshwater fish are sensitive morphological biomarkers for glyphosate exposure.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by Grants from Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBACyT 20020100100750) and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina (PICT 2017-2506). The authors appreciate the contribution of Lic. Fabián Tricárico, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, in the initial phases of the study.

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Author notes

  1. Renata J. Menéndez-Helman

    Present address: IQUIBICEN, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Authors and Affiliations

  1. INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Renata J. Menéndez-Helman & María dos Santos Afonso

  2. Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET – UNSAM, B7130IWA, Chascomús, Argentina

    Leandro A. Miranda

  3. Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Luján, B6700ZBA, Luján, Argentina

    Alfredo Salibián

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  1. Renata J. Menéndez-Helman
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  2. Leandro A. Miranda
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  3. Alfredo Salibián
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  4. María dos Santos Afonso
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Correspondence to María dos Santos Afonso.

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Menéndez-Helman, R.J., Miranda, L.A., Salibián, A. et al. Effects on Ultrastructure, Composition and Specific Surface Area of the Gills of Odontesthes bonariensis Under Subchronic Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Exposure. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 105, 835–840 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03031-4

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