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Co-exposure of Freshwater Microalgae to Tetrabromobisphenol A and Sulfadiazine: Oxidative Stress Biomarker Responses and Joint Toxicity Prediction

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Abstract

Combined toxicity and oxidative stress biomarker responses were determined for tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) to the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Concentration–response analyses were performed for single toxicants and for mixtures containing TBBPA and SDZ with two different mixture ratios. The effect concentrations and the observed effects of the mixtures were compared to the predictions of the joint toxicity by the concentration addition (CA) model and independent action (IA) model. Results showed that the observed joint toxicity was within the scope of the highest (TBBPA) and lowest (SDZ) toxicity observed for the individual components. Furthermore, co-exposure of S. obliquus to TBBPA and SDZ provided preliminary evidence that the mixtures induced oxidative stress leading to cell damage. The CA and IA models proved to be valid for the prediction of the joint toxicity of TBBPA and SDZ. This study highlights a combined environmental risk assessment for two emerging pollutants.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41601519, 21407080, and 91543115) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20150891 and BK20140987). We thank the editor and the reviewers for constructive comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Se Wang, Zhuang Wang, Mindong Chen & Hao Fang

  2. School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116023, China

    Degao Wang

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  1. Se Wang
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  2. Zhuang Wang
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  3. Mindong Chen
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  4. Hao Fang
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  5. Degao Wang
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Correspondence to Zhuang Wang.

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Wang, S., Wang, Z., Chen, M. et al. Co-exposure of Freshwater Microalgae to Tetrabromobisphenol A and Sulfadiazine: Oxidative Stress Biomarker Responses and Joint Toxicity Prediction. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 99, 438–444 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2153-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2153-z

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