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Particle-Associated Ambient Benzo[a]pyrene and Levels of Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene in a Non-occupationally Exposed Population of Adults and Children in Lanzhou, China

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Abstract

Concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in ambient air from different areas in Lanzhou city in northwest of China, and its metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in the urine of resident children and adults were determined by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the atmospheric environmental concentration of B[a]P varied significantly from one part of the city to another with levels of 150 ng/m3 in the industrial area of Xigu and 73.8 ng/m3 in the agricultural area of Yuzhong. The geometric mean urinary 1-OHP concentration was 0.42 µmol/mol-creatinine, with a range of means between 0.067 and 2.05 for the various population sub-groups. The non-occupationally exposed populations’ age, gender and area of residence were the major factors that influenced urinary 1-OHP levels. The health risks of B[a]P for adults and children in Xigu and for children in Yuzhong exceeded the acceptable level (1 × 10−4) of the US Environmental Protection Agency.

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Acknowledgments

This research work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (U1401233, 21377045).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China

    Yunjiang Yu, Liangzhong Li, Mingdeng Xiang & Bigui Lin

  2. Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, China CDC, Beijing, 100021, China

    Qiong Wang

  3. School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Chanzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China

    Zien Liu

  4. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Peng Sun

  5. State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Yunjiang Yu, Qiong Wang & Yanping Zhang

  6. China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, 030006, China

    Haipeng Lin

  7. East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

    Hui Li

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  1. Yunjiang Yu
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  2. Qiong Wang
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  7. Haipeng Lin
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  9. Hui Li
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  10. Bigui Lin
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Correspondence to Yunjiang Yu or Hui Li.

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Yu, Y., Wang, Q., Li, L. et al. Particle-Associated Ambient Benzo[a]pyrene and Levels of Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene in a Non-occupationally Exposed Population of Adults and Children in Lanzhou, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 96, 303–308 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1741-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1741-7

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