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Saisonale Unterschiede von Tympanogramm- und Mittelohrbefund bei Kindern

Seasonal differences of tympanogram and middle ear findings in children. German version

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Eine bakterielle oder virale Otitis media acuta tritt in den Wintermonaten bekanntlich häufiger auf. Zu saisonalen Unterschieden des Mittelohrbefundes liegen nur wenige ältere Studien vor. Diese Studien basieren lediglich auf einem Tympanogramm ohne Korrelation zum intraoperativen Mittelohrbefund. Mit dieser Arbeit wurde der Frage nachgegangen, ob sich saisonale Unterschiede sowohl im präoperativen Tympanogramm als auch im korrespondierenden intraoperativen Befund bei Kindern mit chronischen Mittelohrproblemen zeigen.

Patienten und Methode

In diese retrospektive Studie wurden Patienten eingeschlossen, die zwischen Januar und Dezember 2011 eine Parazentese mit oder ohne Paukenröhrcheneinlage in der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin erhielten. Wintermonate wurden entsprechend der katarrhalen Phasen von November bis April und Sommermonate von Mai bis Oktober definiert. Das präoperative Tympanogramm und der dokumentierte intraoperative Mittelohrbefund wurden auf saisonale Unterschiede hin statistisch analysiert.

Ergebnisse

Es wurden 654 Ohren von 206 männlichen und 127 weiblichen Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 3,7 ± 2,5 Jahren ausgewertet. Überwiegend fand sich ein Tympanogramm vom Typ B (n = 376; 57,5%), wobei das Mittelohr in bis zu 19,1% der Fälle luftgefüllt war. Intraoperativer Mittelohrbefund und präoperatives Tympanogramm wiesen keinen signifikanten saisonalen Unterschied auf (p > 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung

Für Kinder mit typischer Anamnese einer chronischen nichteitrigen Otitis media und chronischer Tubenventilationsstörung ist die Parazentese mit oder ohne Paukenröhrcheneinlage saisonal unabhängig indiziert. Eine abwartende Haltung mit Hoffnung auf Besserung in den Sommermonaten ist anhand der erhobenen Ergebnisse nicht sinnvoll.

Abstract

Background

It is a known fact that bacterial or viral acute otitis media occurs more frequently in the winter months. Only a few older studies on seasonal differences in middle ear findings are available. These studies are based solely on tympanography, without correlation to intraoperative middle ear findings. This study addresses the question of whether seasonal differences can be found in the preoperative tympanogram and in the corresponding intraoperative findings in children with chronic middle ear problems.

Patients and methods

This retrospective study included patients who had undergone myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion at the Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin between January and December 2011. Corresponding to the catarrhal phases, winter months were defined as those from November to April; summer months from May to October. The preoperative tympanogram and the documented intraoperative middle ear finding were statistically analyzed for seasonal differences.

Results

A total of 654 ears from 206 male and 127 female patients with mean age 3.7 ± 2.5 years were analyzed. In the majority of cases, a type B tympanogram was found (n = 376; 57.5%), whereas the middle ear was filled with air in 19.1% of cases. No significant seasonal differences were found for either the intraoperative middle ear findings or the preoperative tympanograms (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

For children with a typical history of chronic otitis media without effusion and chronic tube ventilation dysfunction, myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion is indicated independently of the season. The results indicate that a wait-and-see approach with hope of improvement during the summer months is not rational.

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Correspondence to S. Knopke.

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Interessenkonflikt

S. Knopke, A. Böttcher, P. Chadha, H. Olze und F. Bast geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Redaktion

W. Baumgartner, Wien

P. K. Plinkert, Heidelberg

M. Ptok, Hannover

C. Sittel, Stuttgart

N. Stasche, Kaiserslautern

B. Wollenberg, Lübeck

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Knopke, S., Böttcher, A., Chadha, P. et al. Saisonale Unterschiede von Tympanogramm- und Mittelohrbefund bei Kindern. HNO 65, 651–656 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0287-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0287-7

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