Abstract
Background
The aim for this research was to evaluate and compare the impact, bond strength, and residual adhesive on the enamel surface after debonding of different orthodontic molar tubes. The tested materials were metal, composite, and newly introduced ceramic orthodontic molar tubes.
Materials and methods
In all, 66 first molar teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Metal, glass-fiber composite and ceramic orthodontic molar tubes were bonded and shear bond strength (SBS) tests were performed. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores after debonding were recorded and the enamel surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the adhesives were cleaned.
Results
The mean SBS values of the metal and ceramic tube groups were significantly higher than that of the glass-fiber composite tube group. The highest SBS values were recorded for the ceramic tube group (11.09 ± 2.51 MPa). Failure typically occurred at the adhesive–enamel interface in the ceramic group, whereas the majority of the samples in the glass-fiber composite group showed failure at the adhesive–tube base interface according to ARI and SEM investigations. ARI 1 and ARI 2 scores were commonly observed for the metal tube group.
Conclusions
All the molar tubes tested had generated clinically acceptable SBS values; however, the values for glass-fiber composite molar tubes were significantly lower than those for the ceramic and metal molar tubes. If the debonding procedure is performed carefully, the ceramic molar tubes may be an enamel-safe product for patients seeking fully esthetic orthodontic treatment.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ziel dieser Untersuchung war die Evaluierung und der Vergleich von Haftfestigkeit und Restadhäsiv auf der Schmelzoberfläche nach dem Lösen verschiedener kieferorthopädischer Molarenröhrchen. Bei den getesteten Materialien handelte es sich um Metall‑, Komposit- und kürzlich eingeführte keramische kieferorthopädische Molarenröhrchen.
Materialien und Methoden
Insgesamt wurden 66 erste Molaren randomisiert in 3 Gruppen aufgeteilt. Geklebt wurden Metall‑, Glas-Polymer-Komposit- und keramische kieferorthopädische Molarenröhrchen, und es wurden SBS(Scherhaftfestigkeit)-Tests durchgeführt. Die ARI(„adhesive remnant index“)-Werte nach dem Debonding wurden erfasst, und die Schmelzoberflächen wurden nach Reinigung der Adhäsive mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM) untersucht.
Ergebnisse
Die mittleren SBS-Werte der Metall- und Keramikröhrchengruppen waren signifikant höher als die der Glas-Komposit-Röhrchengruppe. Die höchsten SBS-Werte wurden für die Keramikröhrchengruppe registriert (11,09 ± 2,51 MPa). Ein Versagen trat in der Keramikgruppe typischerweise an der Adhäsiv-Schmelz-Grenzfläche auf, während die Mehrheit der Proben in der Glas-Polymer-Kompositgruppe nach ARI- und REM-Untersuchungen an der Grenzfläche zwischen Adhäsiv und Röhrchenbasis versagte. ARI 1 und ARI 2 wurden häufig in der Metallröhrchengruppe beobachtet.
Schlussfolgerungen
Bei allen untersuchten Molarenröhrchen ergaben sich klinisch akzeptable SBS-Werte; die Werte der Glasfaser-Komposit-Molarenröhrchen waren jedoch deutlich niedriger als die der Keramik- und Metall-Molarenröhrchen. Wenn das Debonding-Verfahren sorgfältig durchgeführt wird, können die Keramik-Molarenröhrchen ein schmelzsicheres Produkt für Patienten sein, die eine umfassend ästhetische kieferorthopädische Behandlung wünschen.
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NAO performed the laboratory tests; NU performed the scanning electron microscope investigations. CU (corresponding author) was a major contributor in writing the manuscript and also participated in the laboratory tests. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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N.A. Öncel, N. Ulusoy and C. Ulusoy declare that they have no competing interests.
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This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Gazi University (2020-511), although the manuscript does not report on or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue.
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Öncel, N.A., Ulusoy, N. & Ulusoy, C. Comparison of shear bond strength and residual adhesive remnants on the enamel surface after debonding of three different orthodontic molar tubes. J Orofac Orthop 85 (Suppl 1), 94–101 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-023-00496-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-023-00496-w