Abstract
Purpose
To determine the correlation between external apical root resorption and malocclusion-related variables in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances.
Methods
In all, 103 patients aged 12–15 years and treated with edge-wise appliances either without extractions or with four premolar extractions were included in this retrospective cohort study. External apical root resorption was assessed in the pre- and posttreatment panoramic radiographs of these patients for incisors, canines, premolars, and first molars. A total of 2332 teeth were evaluated in 206 panoramic radiographs obtained from 103 patients. The gender of the patients, duration of orthodontic treatments, presence of premolar extractions, Angle classification, overbite, overjet and amount of crowding were assessed. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for statistical analysis of the data.
Results
Statistically significant (p < 0.001) root resorption occurred in all examined teeth during orthodontic treatment. The degree of root resorption observed in the premolars was significantly greater in premolar extraction cases than in nonextraction cases. Statistically significant negative correlations were found between the degree of root resorption of the maxillary lateral teeth and between the maxillary first premolar teeth and the amount of maxillary crowding.
Conclusions
The orthodontic treatment protocols and the amount of tooth movements achieved were shown to be dependent on the severity of dental malocclusions and they have an influence on the amount of external apical root resorption that occurs during the course of orthodontic treatment.
Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung
Ermittelt werden sollte der Zusammenhang zwischen externer apikaler Wurzelresorption und malokklusionsbezogenen Variablen bei mit festsitzenden kieferorthopädischen Apparaturen behandelten Patienten.
Methoden
Insgesamt 103 Patienten im Alter von 12-15 Jahren, die entweder ohne Extraktionen oder mit Extraktionen von 4 Prämolaren mit Edge-Wise-Apparaturen behandelt wurden, nahmen an dieser retrospektiven Kohortenstudie teil. Die externe apikale Wurzelresorption wurde vor und nach der Behandlung auf den Panoramaröntgenbildern dieser Patienten für Schneidezähne, Eckzähne, Prämolaren und erste Molaren beurteilt. Insgesamt wurden 2332 Zähne auf 206 Panoramaröntgenbildern von 103 Patienten untersucht. Dabei wurden das Geschlecht der Patienten, die Dauer der kieferorthopädischen Behandlungen, das Vorhandensein von Prämolarextraktionen, die Angle-Klassifikationen, Overbite, Overjet und das Ausmaß des Engstandes berücksichtigt. Für die statistische Analyse der Daten wurden der Wilcoxon-Signed-Rank-Test, der Mann-Whitney-U-Test und der Kruskal-Wallis-Test verwendet.
Ergebnisse
Bei allen untersuchten Zähnen trat während der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung eine statistisch signifikante (p < 0,001) Wurzelresorption auf. Das Ausmaß der Wurzelresorption bei den Prämolaren war in Fällen, in denen die Prämolaren extrahiert wurden, signifikant größer als in Fällen ohne Extraktion. Es wurden statistisch signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen dem Grad der Wurzelresorption der Oberkieferseitenzähne und zwischen den ersten Prämolaren des Oberkiefers und dem Ausmaß des Engstandes im Oberkiefer festgestellt.
Schlussfolgerungen
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die kieferorthopädischen Behandlungsprotokolle und das Ausmaß der erreichten Zahnbewegungen vom Schweregrad der Zahnfehlstellungen abhängen und einen Einfluss auf den Grad der externen apikalen Wurzelresorption haben, die im Verlauf der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung auftritt.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Dr. Salih Ergöçen for his contribution in the biostatistical analysis of the data collected in this study.
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B. Kaya, A. Gülşahı and G. Türkyılmaz declare that they have no competing interests.
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This retrospective study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (Başkent University Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee, project number D‑KA20/97) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or their parents/guardians. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
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Kaya, B., Gülşahı, A. & Türkyılmaz, G. Factors that may increase the risk of external apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. J Orofac Orthop (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-023-00485-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-023-00485-z