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Relationship between alveolar bone thickness, tooth root morphology, and sagittal skeletal pattern

A cone beam computed tomography study

Zusammenhang zwischen Dicke des Alveolarknochens, Zahnwurzelmorphologie und skelettalen Klassen

Eine DVT-Studie

  • Original Article
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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The goal of this work was to examine the relationship between sagittal facial pattern and thickness of alveolar bone in conjunction with root morphology of teeth by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods

The study was carried out on the CBCT scans from 3 group of patients (n = 20 in each group). The first group involved skeletal class 1, the second group involved skeletal class 2, and the third group involved skeletal class 3 patients. In all, 14 permanent teeth and interdental regions in the maxilla and mandible were evaluated. Root length and root width were measured on each tooth. Buccal cortical bone thickness, cancellous bone thickness, and lingual cortical bone thicknesses were measured in each interdental region. Analysis of variance, Kruskall–Wallis H and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical comparisons.

Results

No significant difference was found between the groups for root length, root width, buccal cortical bone and lingual cortical bone thickness. A significant difference was observed between the groups for cancellous bone thickness as it was thicker in skeletal class 2 group. Cortical bone was thicker in the mandible compared to maxilla on both buccal and lingual sides and it was thicker in the posterior region compared to the anterior region on the buccal side.

Conclusions

Differences in cancellous bone thickness between different sagittal facial patterns and differences in cortical bone thickness between different alveolar regions should be taken into consideration when planning orthodontic tooth movements and anchorage mechanics.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Beziehungen zwischen der sagittalen skelettalen Klasse und der Dicke des Alveolarknochens sowie der Zahnwurzelmorphologie mittels digitaler Volumentomographie (DVT) zu untersuchen.

Methoden

Die Studie wurde an DVTs von drei Patientengruppen durchgeführt. In der ersten Gruppe waren Patienten mit skelettaler Klasse 1 (n = 20), in der zweiten Patienten mit skelettaler Klasse 2 (n = 20) und in der dritten Gruppe Patienten mit skelettaler Klasse 3. Insgesamt wurden 14 bleibende Zähne und Interdentalbereiche in Ober- und Unterkiefer bewertet. Wurzellänge und Wurzelbreite wurden an jedem Zahn gemessen. In jeder Interdentalregion wurde die Dicke der bukkalen und lingualen Kortikalis sowie der Spongiosa bestimmt. Zur statistischen Auswertung dienten Varianzanalysen, Kruskal-Wallis-H- und Mann-Whitney-U-Tests.

Ergebnisse

Es wurde kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den Gruppen in Bezug auf Wurzellänge, Wurzelbreite, Dicke der bukkalen und lingualen Kortikalis festgestellt. Es wurde ein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den Gruppen für die Spongiosadicke beobachtet, die bei Patienten mit skelettaler Klasse 2 dicker war. Kortikaler Knochen war im Unterkiefer im Vergleich zum Oberkiefer sowohl auf der bukkalen als auch auf der lingualen Seite dicker und im posterioren im Vergleich zum anterioren Bereich auf der bukkalen Seite dicker.

Schlussfolgerungen

Bei der Planung von orthodontischen Zahnbewegungen und der Verankerungsmechanik sollten die Unterschiede in der Dicke der Spongiosa zwischen verschiedenen sagittalen skelettalen Klassen und die Unterschiede in der Kortikalis zwischen den verschiedenen Alveolarregionen berücksichtigt werden.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank our radiology technician Sadettin Gürer and our biostatistician Dr. Ahmet Gül for their contributions to this work which was supported by Baskent University Research Fund (project number D‑DA13/06).

Funding

Funding

This study was supported by Baskent University Research Fund (project number D‑DA13/06).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthodontist, Private Practice, İstanbul, Turkey

    İpek Coşkun DDS, PhD

  2. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey

    Burçak Kaya DDS, PhD

  3. Dis Hekimligi Fakultesi, Ortodonti Anabilim Dali, Baskent Universitesi, 1. Cad No: 107, 06490, Bahcelievler-Ankara, Turkey

    Burçak Kaya DDS, PhD

Authors
  1. İpek Coşkun DDS, PhD
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  2. Burçak Kaya DDS, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Burçak Kaya DDS, PhD.

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Conflict of interest

İ. Coşkun and B. Kaya declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

This retrospective study was performed after consultation with the institutional ethics committee and in accordance with national legal requirements.

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Coşkun, İ., Kaya, B. Relationship between alveolar bone thickness, tooth root morphology, and sagittal skeletal pattern. J Orofac Orthop 80, 144–158 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-019-00175-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-019-00175-9

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