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Facultative commensalism of gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Neoponera verenae Forel, 1922 (Formicidae: Ponerinae) nests

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Abstract

Ants are a ubiquitous, diverse, and ecologically dominant group that uses different types of substrates for nesting. These nests provide protection and food in a temperature- and humidity-stable environment, which attracts numerous organisms that live in association with these social insects. The interactions between ants and some myrmecophilous groups, such as coleopterans and lepidopterans, have been widely studied, while other groups, such as gastropods, have received less attention. In this study, we present observations of the interactions between the Neotropical ponerine ant Neoponera verenae and terrestrial gastropods. We found 56 individuals belonging to four families, seven genera, and eight species of terrestrial gastropods in ant nests established in three types of substrates (dry cocoa pod, soil, and decaying wood trunk) in the Atlantic Forest Biome. The most frequent genera were Allopeas and Leptinaria (Achatinidae), which accounted for 57.1% of the observed specimens. The gastropods mainly used the shelter provided by ant nests, their favourable and stable microclimatic conditions, and the abundant food resources stored in waste chambers. Young and adult individuals of Leptinaria sp. were found in ant nests, but no aggressive or predatory behaviours were recorded in interactions between ants and gastropods. Our study includes unpublished records of ant nest commensals and presents hypotheses on the close interactions between gastropods and ants.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Brazilian Council of Research and Scientific Development (CNPq Grant for CSFM PQ 307859/2018-5 and JHCD PQ 304629/2018-9). MDS, IMC and JTS acknowledges the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the Grant received. Thanks are due to H. Solobodianuk to reviewing the English language.

Funding

CAPES,88887.606738/2021-00, Mariane Soares, 88887.648824/2021-00, Igor Correia, 88887.486528/2020-00, Josieia Santos, CNPQ, 304629/2018-9, Jacques Delabie, 307859/2018-5, Cléa Mariano

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Artrópodes Sociais, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Ilhéus (BA), Brasil

    M. Dias-Soares & J. T. Santos

  2. Laboratório de Ecologia Bêntica, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Ilhéus (BA), Brasil

    I. M. Correia

  3. Laboratório de Mirmecologia, CEPEC/CEPLAC, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 22, Ilhéus (BA), Brasil

    J. H. C. Delabie

  4. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias E Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz. Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16 Ilhéus (BA), Brasil

    J. H. C. Delabie

  5. Museu de Malacologia Prof. Maury Pinto de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas—Campus Universitário, s/nº, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Brasil

    S. D’ávila

  6. Laboratório de Artrópodes Sociais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Ilhéus (BA), Brasil

    C. S. F. Mariano

Authors
  1. M. Dias-Soares
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  2. I. M. Correia
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  3. J. T. Santos
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  4. J. H. C. Delabie
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  5. S. D’ávila
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  6. C. S. F. Mariano
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Contributions

CSFM and JHCD contributed to study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by MDS, IMC, JTS and SD. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MDS, CSFM and JHCD and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors are accountable for the content and approved the final version of manuscript.

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Correspondence to C. S. F. Mariano.

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Dias-Soares, M., Correia, I.M., Santos, J.T. et al. Facultative commensalism of gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Neoponera verenae Forel, 1922 (Formicidae: Ponerinae) nests. Insect. Soc. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00040-024-00956-5

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