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Dissolved silica dynamics, transfer and retention in a temperate groundwater flow-through shallow lake of the Pampean Plain, Argentina

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Abstract

Mainly through BSi processing, shallow lakes regulate DSi retention, transport, and delivery to the ocean. However, these DSi fluxes in southern lakes are little known. This work evaluated the spatio-temporal variation and the main factors that affect DSi dynamics and retention in a temperate groundwater flow-through shallow lake in Argentina. Water samples from streams, the lake, and groundwater were collected from Los Padres Lake Watershed for DSi determination. DSi retention was calculated through a mass balance approach. The BSi pool from macrophytes was quantified using biomass, BSi production, and satellite images. The phytoplankton community was described by chlorophyll content, species quantification, and alpha diversity metrics. The contribution of Si-enriched water from groundwater (≈ 50 mg L−1) mainly controlled DSi concentrations in the inflow stream (≈ 54 mg L−1). Lake DSi concentration was lower than streams and groundwater, and increased over time (14–34 mg L−1). BSi contribution by macrophytes (≈1.4 Mg Si year−1) has little variation, therefore, the reduction of diatoms due to cyanobacteria increase is the most likely factor controlling DSi dynamics, influencing the role of the lake as a DSi sink/source. These biogeochemical processes regulated the DSi transfer from the lake to the outflow stream, and the delivery to the ocean (≈ 630 Mg Si year−1). Given the importance of small lakes in nutrient cycling and retention along flow paths within a watershed, in-lake Si processes and Si sources to these water bodies are critical to quantifying limnetic contributions to the global Si cycle.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the financial support of the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina, through PICT 2495, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina, through PIP 0350 and Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina (EXA 465/09, 606/12, 741/15, 792/16). Phytoplankton data were obtained through a CONICET support fellowship to Ana Fabiana. The authors want to thank Daniel Martínez and Mauricio Quiroz Londoño, as well as the reviewers, for their comments and suggestions on the previous versions of the manuscript, and Gustavo Bernava for chemical analysis.

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  1. Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, 7600, Argentina

    Natalia Borrelli, Asunción Romanelli, Mariana Fernández Honaine, Marcelo Farenga & Margarita Osterrieth

  2. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, 7600, Argentina

    Natalia Borrelli, Asunción Romanelli, Mariana Fernández Honaine, Ana Fabiani, Karina Soledad Esquius & Margarita Osterrieth

  3. Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, 7600, Argentina

    Karina Soledad Esquius

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Contributions

NB: conceived the study, designed the methods and study design, performed fieldwork, laboratory sample analysis, data analysis, and wrote the manuscript; AR: made substantial contributions to the conception of the work, performed the fieldwork, contributed to data and data analysis, and wrote the manuscript; MFH: performed the fieldwork, contributed to data and data analysis and extensively revised and commented on the manuscript; MF: performed the satellite image processing and analysis; AF and KSE: performed the fieldwork, laboratory sample analysis and data analysis, and wrote the manuscript; MO: performed the fieldwork and revised the manuscript. All the authors approved the version to be published.

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Correspondence to Natalia Borrelli.

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Borrelli, N., Romanelli, A., Fernández Honaine, M. et al. Dissolved silica dynamics, transfer and retention in a temperate groundwater flow-through shallow lake of the Pampean Plain, Argentina. Aquat Sci 85, 10 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-022-00909-9

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