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The inflammatory microenvironment in MDS

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Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a collection of pre-malignancies characterized by impaired proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and a tendency to evolve into leukemia. Among MDS’s pathogenic mechanisms are genetic, epigenetic, apoptotic, differentiation, and cytokine milieu abnormalities. Inflammatory changes are a prominent morphologic feature in some cases, with increased populations of plasma cells, mast cells, and lymphocytes in bone marrow aspirates. Accumulating evidence suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to MDS disease pathology, with microenvironment alterations and abnormality preceding, and facilitating clonal evolution in MDS patients. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory changes involved in the pathology of MDS, with an emphasis on immune dysfunction, stromal microenvironment, and cytokine imbalance in the microenvironment as well as activation of innate immune signaling in MDS patients. A better understanding of the mechanism of MDS pathophysiology will be beneficial to the development of molecular-targeted therapies in the future.

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Acknowledgments

L. Yang was supported by a Grant from Tianjin Natural Science Fund (14JCYBJC12100). EAE is supported by NCI K01CA187020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

    Lili Yang, Yaqin Qian & Sheng Wei

  2. Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China

    Lili Yang, Yaqin Qian & Sheng Wei

  3. Immunology Program at the H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Erika Eksioglu, Pearlie K. Epling-Burnette & Sheng Wei

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  1. Lili Yang
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  2. Yaqin Qian
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  3. Erika Eksioglu
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  5. Sheng Wei
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Correspondence to Sheng Wei.

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Yang, L., Qian, Y., Eksioglu, E. et al. The inflammatory microenvironment in MDS. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 1959–1966 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1846-x

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