Abstract
Let X and Y be Banach spaces. When A and B are linear relations in X and Y, respectively, we denote by \(M_{C}\) the linear relation in \(X\times Y\) of the form \(\left( \begin{array}{cc} A &{} C \\ 0 &{} B \\ \end{array} \right) \), where 0 is the zero operator from X to Y and C is a bounded operator from Y to X. In this paper, by using properties of the SVEP, we study the defect set \((\Sigma (A)\cup \Sigma (B))\backslash \Sigma (M_{C})\), where \(\Sigma \) is the spectrum, the approximate point spectrum, the surjective spectrum, the Fredholm spectrum, the Weyl spectrum, the Browder spectrum, the generalized Drazin spectrum and the Drazin spectrum.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
References
Aiena, P.: Fredholm and local spectral theory with applications to multipliers. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, Boston, London (2004)
Álvarez, T.: Quasi-Fredholm and semi B-Fredholm linear relations. Mediterr. J. Math. 14-22 (2017)
Álvarez, T., Chamkha, Y., Mnif, M.: Left and Right-Atkinson linear relation matrices. Mediterr. J. Math. 13, 2039–2059 (2016)
Álvarez, T., Fakhfakh, F., Mnif, M.: Left-right Fredholm and left-right Browder linear relations. Filomat. 31(2), 255–271 (2017)
Álvarez, T., Keskes, S., Mnif, M.: On the structure of essentially semi regular linear relations, Mediterr. J. Math., 16-76 (2019)
Álvarez, T., Sandovici, A.: Regular linear relations on Banach spaces, Banach J. Math. Anal. 15, 4 26pp (2021)
Ammar, A., Bouchekoua, A., Jeribi, A.: The local spectral theory for linear relations involving SVEP, Mediterr. J. Math., 18-77 (2021)
Barraa, M., Boumazgour, M.: A note on the spectrum of an upper triangular operator matrix. Proc. Amer. Math. Sco. 131, 3083–3088 (2003)
Benharrat, M., Álvarez, T., Messirdi, B.: Generalized Kato linear relations. Filomat 31(5), 1129–1139 (2017)
Cao, X.H.: Browder spectra of upper triangular operator matrices. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 193, 477–484 (2008)
Cao, X.H., Guo, M., Meng, B.: Weyl’s theorem for upper triangular operator matrices. Lin. Alg. Appl. 402 61-73 (2005)
Chamkha, Y., Mnif, M.: Browder spectra of upper triangular matrix linear relations. Publ. Math. Debrecen 82(3–4), 569–590 (2013)
Cross, R.W.: Multivalued Linear Operators. Marcel Dekker, New York (1998)
Djordjevic, D.S.: Perturbations of spectra of operator matrices. J. Operator Theory 48, 467–486 (2002)
Djordjevic, S.V., Stanimirovic, P.S.: On the generalized Drazin inverse and generalized resolvent. Czech. Math. J. 51(126), 617–634 (2001)
Djordjevic, S.V., Zguitti, H.: Essential point spectra of operator matrices trough local spectral theory. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 338, 285–291 (2008)
Elbajaoui, H., Zerouali, E.H.: Local spectral theory for \(2\times 2\) operator matrices. Jnt. J. Math. Sci. 42, 2667–2672 (2003)
Ghorbel, A., Mnif, M.: Drazin inverse of multivalued operators and its applications. Monatsh. Math. , 273-293 (2019)
Houimdi, M., Zguitti, H.: Propris spectrales locales d’une matrice carres des operateurs. Acta. Math. Vietnam. 25, 137–144 (2000)
Hwang, I.S., Lee, W.Y.: The boundedness below of \(2\times 2\) upper triangular operator matrices. Integral Equ Op Theory 39, 267–276 (2001)
Koliha, J.J.: A note on generalized Drazin inverse. Glasgow, Math.J. 38 367-381 (1996)
Lajnef, M., Mnif, M.: On generalized Drazin invertible linear relations. Rocky Mountain J. Math. 50, 1387–1408 (2020)
Lee, W.Y.: Weyl spectra for operator matrices. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 129, 131–138 (2000)
Sandovici, A., de Snoo, H.S.V., Winkler, H.: Ascent, descent, nullity, defect and related notions for linear relations in linear spaces. Lin. Alg. Appl., 423 456-497 (2007)
Sandovici, A., de Snoo, H.S.V.: An index formula for the product of linear relations. Lin. Alg. Appl., 431 2160-2171 (2009)
Zariouh, H., Zguitti, H.: On pseudo B-Weyl operators and generalized Drazin invertibility for operator matrices. Linear and Multilinear Algebra 64 13pp (2016)
Zguitti, H.: On the Drazin inverse for upper triangular operator matrices. Bull. Math. Analy. Appl. 2, 27–33 (2010)
Zhang, S., Zhong, H., Jiang, Q.: Drazin Spectrum of operators matrices on the Banach spaces. Lin. Alg. Appl. 429, 2067–2075 (2008)
Zhang, S., Zhong, H., Lin, L.: Generalized Drazin spectrum of operator matrices. Appl. Math. J. Chinesse Univ. 29(2), 162–170 (2014)
Zhang, S., Zhong, H., Zhang, L.: Perturbation of Browder spectrum upper triangular operator matrices. Linear and multilinear Algebra 64(3), 502–511 (2013)
Zerouali, E.H., Zguitti, H.: Perturbation of spectra of operator matrices and local spectral theory. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 324, 992–1005 (2006)
Funding
No funding was received for conducting this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the design and implementation of the research, to the analysis of the results and to the writing of the manuscript and contributed to the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical Approval
All subjects participated voluntarily and received a small compensation. The participants provide their written informed consent to participate in this study.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Álvarez, T., Keskes, S. Spectra for upper triangular linear relation matrices through local spectral theory. Aequat. Math. 98, 399–422 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00010-023-00993-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00010-023-00993-8