Therapeutic Hypothermia

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

   PDF

2. Global Brain Ischemia: Animal Studies

   • Wilhelm Behringer

   Pages 1-9

3. Global Cerebral Ischemia: Clinical Studies

   • Michael Holzer, Stephen A. Bernard, Fritz Sterz

   Pages 11-24

4. Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Mechanisms

   • Hyung Soo Han, Midori A. Yenari

   Pages 25-41

5. Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Clinical Studies

   • Derk W. Krieger, Stefan Schwab, Lars P. Kammersgard

   Pages 43-61

6. Traumatic Brain Injury: Laboratory Studies

   • Patrick M. Kochanek, Larry W. Jenkins, Robert S. B. Clark

   Pages 63-86

7. Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Studies

   • Donald W. Marion

   Pages 87-99

8. Spinal Cord Ischemia and Trauma

   • James D. Guest, W. Dalton Dietrich III

   Pages 101-118

9. Asphyxia

   • Robert W. Hickey, Clifton W. Callaway

   Pages 119-134

10. Neonatal Asphyxia

    • Alistair J. Gunn, Laura Bennet

    Pages 135-152

11. Hemorrhagic Shock and Exsanguination Cardiac Arrest

    • Samuel A. Tisherman

    Pages 153-167

12. Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Sepsis

    • Jesús Villar, Elena Espinosa

    Pages 169-178

13. Liver Failure and Intracerebral Hypertension

    • Rajiv Jalan, Christopher Rose

    Pages 179-190

14. Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction

    • Sharon L. Hale, Robert A. Kloner, Shoichi Katada, Toshihiko Obayashi, Takeshi Ishii, Susumu Nakajima et al.

    Pages 191-209

15. Cooling Methods

    • Gernot Kuhnen, Niels Einer-Jensen, Samuel A. Tisherman

    Pages 211-233

16. Detrimental Effects of Hypothermia

    • Ram Nirula, Larry M. Gentilello

    Pages 235-249

17. Future Directions

    • Samuel A. Tisherman, Fritz Sterz, Wilhelm Behringer, Patrick Kochanek

    Pages 251-252

18. Back Matter

    Pages 253-258

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Samuel A. Tisherman, MD', Fritz Sterz, MD~ '~niversit~ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 2~edical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria The use of hypothermia for a variety of therapeutic purposes has a long and erratic history. Hippocrates recommended the use of topical cooling to stop bleeding. Fay used cooling of the extremities for patients with tumors in the 1930s. It wasn't until the 1950s, when the effects of hypothermia on systemic oxygen metabolism became better defined, that systemic hypothermia became a commonly used modality, particularly for cardiac surgery. Hypothermia was used for protection (treatment before the insult) and preservation (treatment during the insult) of the heart and entire organism during planned operative ischemia. Shortly thereafter, attempts were made to use hypothermia for resuscitation (treatment after the insult) from cardiac arrest and for management of head trauma. At that time, it was felt that moderate hypothermia (28-32OC) was needed. This was difficult to achieve and manage. Multiple complications were noted. Consequently, therapeutic, resuscitative hypothermia lay dormant for many years while mild (32-35°C) to moderate hypothermia became common for many cardiothoracic and neurosurgical procedures. In the early 1990s, it was found that mild hypothermia, even after cardiac arrest, had benefit for the brain. Similar results were found with head trauma. This lead to a burst of enthusiasm for research into resuscitative hypothermia for a variety of insults, most of which have tissue ischemia as a major component.

• Laboratory
• Sepsis
• Trauma
• brain injury
• care
• cerebral ischemia
• critical care
• shock

• Department of Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA

  Samuel A. Tisherman

• Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

  Fritz Sterz

Policies and ethics