Abstract
We propose that all light fermionic degrees of freedom, including the Standard Model (SM) fermions and all possible light beyond-the-standard-model fields, are chiral with respect to some spontaneously broken abelian gauge symmetry. Hypercharge, for example, plays this role for the SM fermions. We introduce a new symmetry, U(1) ν , for all new light fermionic states. Anomaly cancellations mandate the existence of several new fermion fields with nontrivial U(1) ν charges. We develop a concrete model of this type, for which we show that (i) some fermions remain massless after U(1) ν breaking — similar to SM neutrinos — and (ii) accidental global symmetries translate into stable massive particles — similar to SM protons. These ingredients provide a solution to the dark matter and neutrino mass puzzles assuming one also postulates the existence of heavy degrees of freedom that act as “mediators” between the two sectors. The neutrino mass mechanism described here leads to parametrically small Dirac neutrino masses, and the model also requires the existence of at least four Dirac sterile neutrinos. Finally, we describe a general technique to write down chiral-fermions-only models that are at least anomaly-free under a U(1) gauge symmetry.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Y. Fukuda et al., Evidence for oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1562 [hep-ex/9807003] [INSPIRE].
SNO collaboration, Q.R. Ahmad et al., Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 011301 [nucl-ex/0204008] [INSPIRE].
Particle Data Group collaboration, K.A. Olive et al., Review of particle physics, Chin. Phys. C 38 (2014) 090001 [INSPIRE].
Intensity Frontier Neutrino Working Group collaboration, A. de Gouvêa et al., Working group report: neutrinos, arXiv:1310.4340 [INSPIRE].
P. Minkowski, μ → eγ at a rate of one out of 109 muon decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421 [INSPIRE].
M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond, R. Slansky, Complex spinors and unified theories, in Supergravity, D.Z. Freedman and P.van Nieuwenhuizen eds., North Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1979).
T. Yanagida, Horizontal symmetry and masses of neutrinos, in the proceedings of the Workshop on unified theory and baryon number in the universe, O. Sawada and A. Sugamoto eds., KEK, Tsukuba, Japan (1979).
S.L. Glashow, The future of elementary particle physics, in Quarks and leptons, Cargèse lectures, M. Lévy et al. eds., Plenum Press, New York, U.S.A. (1980).
R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanović, Neutrino mass and spontaneous parity violation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 912 [INSPIRE].
J. Schechter and J.W.F. Valle, Neutrino Masses in SU(2) × U(1) theories, Phys. Rev. D 22 (1980) 2227 [INSPIRE].
M. Magg and C. Wetterich, Neutrino mass problem and gauge hierarchy, Phys. Lett. B 94 (1980) 61 [INSPIRE].
C. Wetterich, Neutrino masses and the scale of B-L violation, Nucl. Phys. B 187 (1981) 343 [INSPIRE].
G. Lazarides, Q. Shafi and C. Wetterich, Proton lifetime and Fermion masses in an SO(10) model, Nucl. Phys. B 181 (1981) 287 [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanović, Neutrino masses and mixings in gauge models with spontaneous parity violation, Phys. Rev. D 23 (1981) 165 [INSPIRE].
R. Foot, H. Lew, X.G. He and G.C. Joshi, Seesaw neutrino masses induced by a triplet of leptons, Z. Phys. C 44 (1989) 441 [INSPIRE].
E. Ma, Pathways to naturally small neutrino masses, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1171 [hep-ph/9805219] [INSPIRE].
A. de Gouvêa, W.-C. Huang and J. Kile, Dark matter from weak polyplets, arXiv:1207.0510 [INSPIRE].
M. Roncadelli and D. Wyler, Naturally light Dirac neutrinos in gauge theories, Phys. Lett. B 133 (1983) 325 [INSPIRE].
J. Heeck and H. Zhang, Exotic charges, multicomponent dark matter and light sterile neutrinos, JHEP 05 (2013) 164 [arXiv:1211.0538] [INSPIRE].
B. Holdom, Two U(1)’s and ϵ charge shifts, Phys. Lett. B 166 (1986) 196 [INSPIRE].
E.J. Chun, J.-C. Park and S. Scopel, Dark matter and a new gauge boson through kinetic mixing, JHEP 02 (2011) 100 [arXiv:1011.3300] [INSPIRE].
P. Batra, B.A. Dobrescu and D. Spivak, Anomaly-free sets of fermions, J. Math. Phys. 47 (2006) 082301 [hep-ph/0510181] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Number-Theory Dark Matter, Phys. Lett. B 699 (2011) 360 [arXiv:1102.4688] [INSPIRE].
M.-C. Chen, A. de Gouvêa and B.A. Dobrescu, Gauge Trimming of Neutrino Masses, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 055009 [hep-ph/0612017] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu, C.F. Kolda and J. March-Russell, Implications of generalized Z-Z′ mixing, Phys. Rev. D 57 (1998) 6788 [hep-ph/9710441] [INSPIRE].
P.-H. Gu, An SO(10) × SO(10)′ model for common origin of neutrino masses, ordinary and dark matter-antimatter asymmetries, JCAP 12 (2014) 046 [arXiv:1410.5759] [INSPIRE].
J. Heeck, Leptogenesis with lepton-number-violating Dirac neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 076004 [arXiv:1307.2241] [INSPIRE].
P.-H. Gu, From Dirac neutrino masses to baryonic and dark matter asymmetries, Nucl. Phys. B 872 (2013) 38 [arXiv:1209.4579] [INSPIRE].
E. Bulbul et al., Detection of an unidentified emission line in the stacked X-ray spectrum of galaxy clusters, Astrophys. J. 789 (2014) 13 [arXiv:1402.2301] [INSPIRE].
S. Dodelson and L.M. Widrow, Sterile-neutrinos as dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 17 [hep-ph/9303287] [INSPIRE].
K.N. Abazajian, Resonantly produced 7 keV sterile neutrino dark matter models and the properties of Milky Way satellites, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 161303 [arXiv:1403.0954] [INSPIRE].
Z. Chacko, Y. Cui, S. Hong and T. Okui, Hidden dark matter sector, dark radiation and the CMB, Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 055033 [arXiv:1505.04192] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters, arXiv:1502.01589 [INSPIRE].
R.H. Cyburt, B.D. Fields, K.A. Olive and E. Skillman, New BBN limits on physics beyond the standard model from 4 He, Astropart. Phys. 23 (2005) 313 [astro-ph/0408033] [INSPIRE].
M.W. Goodman and E. Witten, Detectability of certain dark matter candidates, Phys. Rev. D 31 (1985) 3059 [INSPIRE].
M. Cirelli, N. Fornengo and A. Strumia, Minimal dark matter, Nucl. Phys. B 753 (2006) 178 [hep-ph/0512090] [INSPIRE].
LUX collaboration, D.S. Akerib et al., First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 091303 [arXiv:1310.8214] [INSPIRE].
A. De Simone, G.F. Giudice and A. Strumia, Benchmarks for dark matter searches at the LHC, JHEP 06 (2014) 081 [arXiv:1402.6287] [INSPIRE].
S.B. Roland, B. Shakya and J.D. Wells, Neutrino masses and sterile neutrino dark matter from the PeV scale, arXiv:1412.4791 [INSPIRE].
M. Farina, D. Pappadopulo and A. Strumia, A modified naturalness principle and its experimental tests, JHEP 08 (2013) 022 [arXiv:1303.7244] [INSPIRE].
A. de Gouvêa, D. Hernandez and T.M.P. Tait, Criteria for natural hierarchies, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 115005 [arXiv:1402.2658] [INSPIRE].
K. Dick, M. Lindner, M. Ratz and D. Wright, Leptogenesis with Dirac neutrinos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 4039 [hep-ph/9907562] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1507.00916
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
de Gouvêa, A., Hernández, D. New chiral fermions, a new gauge interaction, Dirac neutrinos, and dark matter. J. High Energ. Phys. 2015, 46 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2015)046
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2015)046