Abstract
Recently Belle II reported the first measurement of B+ → K+ + invisible(inv), which is 2.7σ above the standard model (SM) prediction. If confirmed, this calls for new physics beyond SM. In the SM, the invisible particles are neutrino-anti-neutrino pairs. There are more possibilities when going beyond the SM. In this work, we focus on decays to dark matter (DM) and show that the B → K + inv excess from Belle II and DM relic density can be simultaneously explained in a simple extension of the SM. The model introduces a real scalar singlet ϕ acting as a DM candidate, and two heavy vector-like quarks Q, D with the same quantum numbers as the SM left-handed quark doublet and right-handed down-type quark singlet, respectively. All these new particles are odd under a ℤ2 symmetry while the SM particles are even. The model can successfully explain the Belle II anomaly and DM relic density for TeV-scale heavy quarks with hierarchical Yukawa couplings involving b and s quarks. At the same time, it can easily satisfy other flavour physics constraints. Direct detection searches utilizing the Migdal effect constrain some of the parameter space.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP200101470 and in part by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics (CDM, CE200100008). This work was also supported in part by Key Laboratory for Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology (Grant No. 15DZ2272100) and in part by the NSFC (Grant Nos. 12375088, 12090064, and 12090060), and by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (Grant No.2020B0301030008) and by the NSFC (Grant No. NSFC-12305110). XDM would like to thank Jin-Han Liang and Hao-Lin Wang for useful discussions about the Migdal effect. RRV thanks Peter Cox for a helpful discussion.
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He, XG., Ma, XD., Schmidt, M.A. et al. Scalar dark matter explanation of the excess in the Belle II B+ → K++ invisible measurement. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 168 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)168
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)168