Abstract
First physics results of the BM@N experiment at the Nuclotron/NICA complex are presented on π+ and K+ meson production in interactions of an argon beam with fixed targets of C, Al, Cu, Sn and Pb at 3.2 A GeV. Transverse momentum distributions, rapidity spectra and multiplicities of π+ and K+ mesons are measured. The results are compared with predictions of theoretical models and with other measurements at lower energies.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Friman, W. Norenberg and V.D. Toneev, The Quark condensate in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, Eur. Phys. J. A 3 (1998) 165 [nucl-th/9711065] [INSPIRE].
J. Randrup and J. Cleymans, Maximum freeze-out baryon density in nuclear collisions, Phys. Rev. C 74 (2006) 047901 [hep-ph/0607065] [INSPIRE].
D. Blaschke et al., Topical issue on Exploring Strongly Interacting Matter at High Densities — NICA White Paper, Eur. Phys. J. A 52 (2016) 267.
BM@N Conceptual Design Report, http://nica.jinr.ru/files/BM@N/BMN_CDR.pdf.
C. Fuchs, Kaon production in heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 56 (2006) 1 [nucl-th/0507017] [INSPIRE].
M. Kapishin, Studies of baryonic matter at the BM@N experiment (JINR), Nucl. Phys. A 982 (2019) 967 [INSPIRE].
M. Kapishin, BM@N First Results, in Springer Proceedings in Physics 250, Springer (2020), pp. 21–27 [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53448-6_3] [INSPIRE].
BM@N project, https://bmn.jinr.ru/detector/project/BMN_project.pdf.
D. Baranov et al., GEM tracking system of the BM@N experiment, 2017 JINST 12 C06041 [INSPIRE].
K. Alishina et al., Charged Particle Identification by the Time-of-Flight Method in the BM@N Experiment, Phys. Part. Nucl. 53 (2022) 470 [INSPIRE].
V. Babkin et al., Triple-stack multigap resistive plate chamber with strip readout, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 824 (2016) 490 [INSPIRE].
MPD/NICA collaboration, Strip MRPC for the MPD/NICA Time-of-Flight System, PoS TIPP2014 (2014) 289 [INSPIRE].
N.A. Kuzmin et al., High-rate glass MRPC for fixed target experiments at Nuclotron, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 916 (2019) 190 [arXiv:1811.08637] [INSPIRE].
V. Akishina and I. Kisel, Time-based Cellular Automaton track finder for the CBM experiment, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 599 (2015) 012024 [INSPIRE].
I. Kisel, Event reconstruction in the CBM experiment, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 566 (2006) 85 [INSPIRE].
N.S. Amelin, K.K. Gudima and V.D. Toneev, Ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions within a dynamical model of independent quark-gluon strings (in Russian), Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 51 (1990) 1093 [INSPIRE].
M. Baznat, A. Botvina, G. Musulmanbekov, V.D. Toneev and V. Zhezher, Monte-Carlo Generator of Heavy Ion Collisions DCM-SMM, Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett. 17 (2020) 303 [arXiv:1912.09277] [INSPIRE].
R. Brun et al., GEANT: Detector Description and Simulation Tool, in CERN Program Library, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (1993) [CERN-W-5013] [https://doi.org/10.17181/CERN.MUHF.DMJ1].
K. Kanaki, Study of Λ hyperon production in C+C collisions at 2 A GeV beam energy with the HADES spectrometer, Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (2007).
N. Angelov et al., Analysis of Behavior of Cross-section and π− Meson Multiplicity at the Interaction of p, d, He, C Relativistic Nuclei With, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 33 (1981) 552 [INSPIRE].
S.A. Bass et al., Microscopic models for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 41 (1998) 255 [nucl-th/9803035] [INSPIRE].
W. Cassing and E.L. Bratkovskaya, Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics: an off-shell transport approach for relativistic energies, Nucl. Phys. A 831 (2009) 215 [arXiv:0907.5331] [INSPIRE].
HADES collaboration, Hyperon production in Ar+KCl collisions at 1.76 A GeV, Eur. Phys. J. A 47 (2011) 21 [arXiv:1010.1675] [INSPIRE].
HADES collaboration, Phi decay: A Relevant source for K− production at SIS energies?, Phys. Rev. C 80 (2009) 025209 [arXiv:0902.3487] [INSPIRE].
G. Agakishiev et al., In-Medium Effects on K0 Mesons in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions, Phys. Rev. C 82 (2010) 044907 [arXiv:1004.3881] [INSPIRE].
FOPI collaboration, K+ production in the reaction 58Ni− + 58Ni− at incident energies from 1 to 2 A GeV, Nucl. Phys. A 625 (1997) 307 [nucl-ex/9704005] [INSPIRE].
FOPI collaboration, K0 and Λ production in Ni+Ni collisions near threshold, Phys. Rev. C 76 (2007) 024906 [nucl-ex/0703036] [INSPIRE].
FOPI collaboration, Wide acceptance measurement of the K−/K+ ratio from Ni+Ni collisions at 1.91 A GeV, Phys. Rev. C 99 (2019) 014904 [arXiv:1807.00576] [INSPIRE].
KaoS collaboration, First measurement of anti-kaon phase space distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions at subthreshold beam energies, Phys. Lett. B 495 (2000) 26 [nucl-ex/0010013] [INSPIRE].
KaoS collaboration, Production of K+ and of K− Mesons in Heavy-Ion Collisions from 0.6 A to 2.0 A GeV Incident Energy, Phys. Rev. C 75 (2007) 024906 [nucl-ex/0701014] [INSPIRE].
P. Senger and H. Strobele, Hadronic particle production in nucleus-nucleus collisions, J. Phys. G 25 (1999) R59 [nucl-ex/9810007] [INSPIRE].
HADES collaboration, Charged-pion production in Au+Au collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} \) = 2.4 GeV, Eur. Phys. J. A 56 (2020) 259 [arXiv:2005.08774] [INSPIRE].
M. Gazdzicki and D. Röhrich, Pion multiplicity in nuclear collisions, Z. Phys. C 65 (1995) 215 [INSPIRE].
M.K. Anikina et al., Experimental Data on Multiplicities in Central Collisions 12C + 12C, 19F + 24Mg, 24Mg + 24Mg at 3.7 GeV/nucleon (in Russian), JINR Rapid Commun. 1 (1989) 12 [INSPIRE].
J.W. Harris et al., Pion Production in High-energy Nucleus Nucleus Collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 (1987) 463 [INSPIRE].
FOPI collaboration, Charged pion production in Au on Au collisions at 1 A GeV, Z. Phys. A 357 (1997) 215 [INSPIRE].
A. Wagner et al., Evidence for different freezeout radii of high-energy and low-energy pions emitted in Au+Au collisions at 1 A GeV, Phys. Lett. B 420 (1998) 20 [nucl-ex/9712004] [INSPIRE].
O. Schwalb et al., Mass dependence of π0-production in heavy ion collisions at 1 A GeV, Phys. Lett. B 321 (1994) 20 [INSPIRE].
J.W. Harris et al., Pion production as a probe of the nuclear matter equation of state, Phys. Lett. B 153 (1985) 377 [INSPIRE].
T. Abbott et al., Charged hadron distributions in central and peripheral Si+A collisions at 14.6 A GeV/c, Phys. Rev. C 50 (1994) 1024 [INSPIRE].
J. Bächler et al., Charged particle spectra in central S+S collisions at 200 GeV/c per nucleon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 1419 [INSPIRE].
P. Jacobs, Hadronic spectra from collisions of heavy nuclei, in proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP 1997), Jaipur, India, 17–21 March 1997, Narosa Publishing, New Delhi, India (1998), pp. 248–257 [INSPIRE].
NA49 collaboration, Energy dependence of pion and kaon production in central Pb+Pb collisions, Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 054902 [nucl-ex/0205002] [INSPIRE].
FOPI collaboration, Systematics of pion emission in heavy ion collisions in the 1 A GeV regime, Nucl. Phys. A 781 (2007) 459 [nucl-ex/0610025] [INSPIRE].
A.R. Wolf et al., Multistep production of η and hard π0 mesons in subthreshold Au-Au collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (1998) 5281 [INSPIRE].
R. Averbeck, R. Holzmann, V. Metag and R.S. Simon, Neutral pions and η mesons as probes of the hadronic fireball in nucleus-nucleus collisions around 1 A GeV, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 024903 [nucl-ex/0012007] [INSPIRE].
E-0895 collaboration, Charged pion production in 2 A to 8 A GeV central Au+Au collisions, Phys. Rev. C 68 (2003) 054905 [nucl-ex/0306033] [INSPIRE].
KaoS collaboration, Subthreshold production of kaons and anti-kaons in nucleus-nucleus collisions at equivalent beam energies, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) 4007 [INSPIRE].
E-802 collaboration, Centrality dependence of kaon yields in Si+A and Au+Au collisions at the AGS, Phys. Rev. C 60 (1999) 044904 [nucl-ex/9903009] [INSPIRE].
E-802 collaboration, Kaon production in Au+Au collisions at 11.6 A GeV/c, Phys. Rev. C 58 (1998) 3523 [INSPIRE].
Acknowledgments
The BM@N collaboration acknowledges the efforts of the staff of the accelerator division of the Laboratory of High Energy Physics at JINR that made this experiment possible, I. Tserruya and V. Pozdniakov for fruitful discussions of the analysis and results. The BM@N collaboration acknowledges support of the HybriLIT of JINR, HPC Village project and HGPU group for the provided computational resources.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Consortia
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2303.16243
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
The BM@N collaboration., Afanasiev, S., Agakishiev, G. et al. Production of π+ and K+ mesons in argon-nucleus interactions at 3.2 A GeV. J. High Energ. Phys. 2023, 174 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2023)174
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2023)174