Abstract
Standard Model may allow an extended gauge sector with anomaly-free flavored gauge symmetries, such as Li −Lj , Bi −Lj , and B −3Li, where i, j = 1, 2, 3 are flavor indices. We investigate phenomenological implications of the new flavored gauge boson Z′ in the above three classes of gauge symmetries. Focusing on the gauge boson mass above 5 GeV, we use the lepton universality test in the Z and τ /μ decays, LEP searches, LHC searches, neutrino trident production bound, and LHC Z → 4μ searches to put constraints on the g′ −MZ′ plane. When L1 is involved, the LEP bounds on the e−e+ → ℓ−ℓ+ processes give the most stringent bounds, while the LHC bound becomes the strongest constraints in the large \( {M}_{Z^{\prime }} \) region when Bi is involved. The bound from Z → 4μ productions, which is applicable for L2-involved scenarios, provides stringent bounds in the small \( {M}_{Z^{\prime }} \) region. One exception is the B − 3L2 scenario, in which case only a small region is favored due to the lepton universality.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Alexander et al., Dark Sectors 2016 Workshop: Community Report, arXiv:1608.08632 [INSPIRE].
P. Ilten, Y. Soreq, M. Williams and W. Xue, Serendipity in dark photon searches, JHEP 06 (2018) 004 [arXiv:1801.04847] [INSPIRE].
M. Bauer, P. Foldenauer and J. Jaeckel, Hunting All the Hidden Photons, JHEP 07 (2018) 094 [arXiv:1803.05466] [INSPIRE].
L. Basso, A. Belyaev, S. Moretti and C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Phenomenology of the minimal B − L extension of the Standard model: Z ′ and neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 055030 [arXiv:0812.4313] [INSPIRE].
E. Accomando, L. Delle Rose, S. Moretti, E. Olaiya and C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Novel SM-like Higgs decay into displaced heavy neutrino pairs in U(1)′ models, JHEP 04 (2017) 081 [arXiv:1612.05977] [INSPIRE].
E. Accomando, L. Delle Rose, S. Moretti, E. Olaiya and C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Extra Higgs boson and Z ′ as portals to signatures of heavy neutrinos at the LHC, JHEP 02 (2018) 109 [arXiv:1708.03650] [INSPIRE].
B. Batell, M. Pospelov and B. Shuve, Shedding Light on Neutrino Masses with Dark Forces, JHEP 08 (2016) 052 [arXiv:1604.06099] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu, A. Friedland, P.A.N. Machado and I. Mocioiu, Flavor Gauge Models Below the Fermi Scale, JHEP 12 (2017) 096 [arXiv:1705.01822] [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, M. Pospelov and I. Yavin, Quark flavor transitions in L μ − L τ models, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 095033 [arXiv:1403.1269] [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, S. Profumo and F.S. Queiroz, Explaining dark matter and B decay anomalies with an L μ − L τ model, JHEP 12 (2016) 106 [arXiv:1609.04026] [INSPIRE].
R. Foot, New Physics From Electric Charge Quantization?, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 6 (1991) 527 [INSPIRE].
X.-G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, New Z ′ phenomenology, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 22 [INSPIRE].
X.-G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, Simplest Z ′ model, Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 2118 [INSPIRE].
J. Heeck and W. Rodejohann, Gauged L μ − L τ Symmetry at the Electroweak Scale, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 075007 [arXiv:1107.5238] [INSPIRE].
ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, OPAL, SLD collaborations, LEP Electroweak Working Group, SLD Electroweak Group and SLD Heavy Flavour Group, Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance, Phys. Rept. 427 (2006) 257 [hep-ex/0509008] [INSPIRE].
HFLAV collaboration, Averages of b-hadron, c-hadron and τ -lepton properties as of summer 2016, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 895 [arXiv:1612.07233] [INSPIRE].
E.J. Chun and J. Kim, Leptonic Precision Test of Leptophilic Two-Higgs-Doublet Model, JHEP 07 (2016) 110 [arXiv:1605.06298] [INSPIRE].
ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, OPAL collaborations and LEP Electroweak Working Group, Electroweak Measurements in Electron-Positron Collisions at W-Boson-Pair Energies at LEP, Phys. Rept. 532 (2013) 119 [arXiv:1302.3415] [INSPIRE].
BaBar collaboration, Search for a Dark Photon in e + e − Collisions at BaBar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 201801 [arXiv:1406.2980] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new high-mass phenomena in the dilepton final state using 36 fb −1 of proton-proton collision data at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 10 (2017) 182 [arXiv:1707.02424] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for high-mass resonances in dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, JHEP 06 (2018) 120 [arXiv:1803.06292] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for heavy resonances decaying to tau lepton pairs in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, JHEP 02 (2017) 048 [arXiv:1611.06594] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for additional heavy neutral Higgs and gauge bosons in the ditau final state produced in 36 fb −1 of pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 01 (2018) 055 [arXiv:1709.07242] [INSPIRE].
P. Langacker, The Physics of Heavy Z ′ Gauge Bosons, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 (2009) 1199 [arXiv:0801.1345] [INSPIRE].
CHARM-II collaboration, First observation of neutrino trident production, Phys. Lett. B 245 (1990) 271 [INSPIRE].
CCFR collaboration, Neutrino tridents and W-Z interference, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 3117 [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, M. Pospelov and I. Yavin, Neutrino Trident Production: A Powerful Probe of New Physics with Neutrino Beams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 091801 [arXiv:1406.2332] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for an L μ − L τ gauge boson using Z → 4μ events in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, submitted to Phys. Lett. (2018), arXiv:1808.03684 [INSPIRE].
F. Elahi and A. Martin, Constraints on L μ − L τ interactions at the LHC and beyond, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 015022 [arXiv:1511.04107] [INSPIRE].
F. Elahi and A. Martin, Using the modified matrix element method to constrain L μ − L τ interactions, Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) 015021 [arXiv:1705.02563] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1811.04320
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Chun, E.J., Das, A., Kim, J. et al. Searching for flavored gauge bosons. J. High Energ. Phys. 2019, 93 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2019)093
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2019)093