Abstract
A strongly interacting dark sector can give rise to a class of signatures dubbed dark showers, where in analogy to the strong sector in the Standard Model, the dark sector undergoes its own showering and hadronization, before decaying into Standard Model final states. When the typical decay lengths of the dark sector mesons are larger than a few centimeters (and no larger than a few meters) they give rise to the striking signature of emerging jets, characterized by a large multiplicity of displaced vertices.
In this article we consider the general reinterpretation of the CMS search for emerging jets plus prompt jets into arbitrary new physics scenarios giving rise to emerging jets. More concretely, we consider the cases where the SM Higgs mediates between the dark sector and the SM, for several benchmark decay scenarios. Our procedure is validated employing the same model than the CMS emerging jet search. We find that emerging jets can be the leading probe in regions of parameter space, in particular when considering the so-called gluon portal and dark photon portal decay benchmarks. With the current 16.1 fb−1 of luminosity this search can exclude down to \( \mathcal{O} \)(20)% exotic branching ratio of the SM Higgs, but a naive extrapolation to the 139 fb−1 luminosity employed in the current model-independent, indirect bound of 16 % would probe exotic branching ratios into dark quarks down to below 10 %. Further extrapolating these results to the HL-LHC, we find that one can pin down exotic branching ratio values of 1%, which is below the HL-LHC expectations of 2.5–4 %. We make our recasting code publicly available, as part of the LLP Recasting Repository.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
G. Albouy et al., Theory, phenomenology, and experimental avenues for dark showers: a Snowmass 2021 report, Eur. Phys. J. C 82 (2022) 1132 [arXiv:2203.09503] [INSPIRE].
N. Daci et al., Simplified SIMPs and the LHC, JHEP 11 (2015) 108 [arXiv:1503.05505] [INSPIRE].
P. Schwaller, D. Stolarski and A. Weiler, Emerging Jets, JHEP 05 (2015) 059 [arXiv:1502.05409] [INSPIRE].
T. Cohen, M. Lisanti and H.K. Lou, Semivisible Jets: Dark Matter Undercover at the LHC, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 171804 [arXiv:1503.00009] [INSPIRE].
M. Park and M. Zhang, Tagging a jet from a dark sector with Jet-substructures at colliders, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 115009 [arXiv:1712.09279] [INSPIRE].
S. Knapen, S. Pagan Griso, M. Papucci and D.J. Robinson, Triggering Soft Bombs at the LHC, JHEP 08 (2017) 076 [arXiv:1612.00850] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new particles decaying to a jet and an emerging jet, JHEP 02 (2019) 179 [arXiv:1810.10069] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for strongly interacting massive particles generating trackless jets in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 82 (2022) 213 [arXiv:2105.09178] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for resonant production of strongly coupled dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, JHEP 06 (2022) 156 [arXiv:2112.11125] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for non-resonant production of semi-visible jets using Run 2 data in ATLAS, Phys. Lett. B 848 (2024) 138324 [arXiv:2305.18037] [INSPIRE].
J. Alimena et al., Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider, J. Phys. G 47 (2020) 090501 [arXiv:1903.04497] [INSPIRE].
S. Knapen, J. Shelton and D. Xu, Perturbative benchmark models for a dark shower search program, Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 115013 [arXiv:2103.01238] [INSPIRE].
S. Knapen and S. Lowette, A guide to hunting long-lived particles at the LHC, arXiv:2212.03883 [INSPIRE].
L. Lee, C. Ohm, A. Soffer and T.-T. Yu, Collider Searches for Long-Lived Particles Beyond the Standard Model, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 106 (2019) 210 [Erratum ibid. 122 (2022) 103912] [arXiv:1810.12602] [INSPIRE].
G. Cottin, N. Desai, S. Kraml and A. Lessa, LLP Recasting Repository, https://github.com/llprecasting/recastingCodes/.
G.D. Kribs, A. Martin, B. Ostdiek and T. Tong, Dark Mesons at the LHC, JHEP 07 (2019) 133 [arXiv:1809.10184] [INSPIRE].
Y. Hochberg, E. Kuflik and H. Murayama, SIMP Spectroscopy, JHEP 05 (2016) 090 [arXiv:1512.07917] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Butterworth et al., New sensitivity of LHC measurements to composite dark matter models, Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 015008 [arXiv:2105.08494] [INSPIRE].
Y. Bai and P. Schwaller, Scale of dark QCD, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 063522 [arXiv:1306.4676] [INSPIRE].
D. Curtin et al., Exotic decays of the 125 GeV Higgs boson, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 075004 [arXiv:1312.4992] [INSPIRE].
M. Cepeda, S. Gori, V.M. Outschoorn and J. Shelton, Exotic Higgs Decays, arXiv:2111.12751 [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102319-024147] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Combined measurements of Higgs boson production and decay using up to 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment, ATLAS-CONF-2021-053, CERN, Geneva (2021).
CMS collaboration, A portrait of the Higgs boson by the CMS experiment ten years after the discovery, Nature 607 (2022) 60 [arXiv:2207.00043] [INSPIRE].
M. Cepeda et al., Report from Working Group 2: Higgs Physics at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC, CERN Yellow Rep. Monogr. 7 (2019) 221 [arXiv:1902.00134] [INSPIRE].
J. de Blas et al., Higgs Boson Studies at Future Particle Colliders, JHEP 01 (2020) 139 [arXiv:1905.03764] [INSPIRE].
C.-T. Lu et al., Probing dark QCD sector through the Higgs portal with machine learning at the LHC, JHEP 08 (2023) 187 [arXiv:2304.03237] [INSPIRE].
D. Bardhan, Y. Kats and N. Wunch, Searching for dark jets with displaced vertices using weakly supervised machine learning, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 035036 [arXiv:2305.04372] [INSPIRE].
L. Carloni and T. Sjöstrand, Visible Effects of Invisible Hidden Valley Radiation, JHEP 09 (2010) 105 [arXiv:1006.2911] [INSPIRE].
L. Carloni, J. Rathsman and T. Sjöstrand, Discerning Secluded Sector gauge structures, JHEP 04 (2011) 091 [arXiv:1102.3795] [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand et al., An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159 [arXiv:1410.3012] [INSPIRE].
A. Boveia and C. Doglioni, Dark Matter Searches at Colliders, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 68 (2018) 429 [arXiv:1810.12238] [INSPIRE].
Simon Knapen, dark_showers_tool, https://gitlab.com/simonknapen/dark_showers_tool.
Y. Bai and J. Berger, Fermion Portal Dark Matter, JHEP 11 (2013) 171 [arXiv:1308.0612] [INSPIRE].
S. Renner and P. Schwaller, A flavoured dark sector, JHEP 08 (2018) 052 [arXiv:1803.08080] [INSPIRE].
M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez, The anti-kt jet clustering algorithm, JHEP 04 (2008) 063 [arXiv:0802.1189] [INSPIRE].
LHC Reinterpretation Forum collaboration, Reinterpretation of LHC Results for New Physics: Status and Recommendations after Run 2, SciPost Phys. 9 (2020) 022 [arXiv:2003.07868] [INSPIRE].
Squark-antisquark production cross sections, computed at NLO+NLL and NNLOapprox+NNLL. https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/LHCPhysics/SUSYCrossSections13TeVsquarkantisquark.
C. Borschensky et al., Squark and gluino production cross sections in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13, 14, 33 and 100 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 3174 [arXiv:1407.5066] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new long-lived particles at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Lett. B 780 (2018) 432 [arXiv:1711.09120] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker, 2014 JINST 9 P10009 [arXiv:1405.6569] [INSPIRE].
D. Dercks et al., CheckMATE 2: From the model to the limit, Comput. Phys. Commun. 221 (2017) 383 [arXiv:1611.09856] [INSPIRE].
CheckMATE collaboration, Constraining electroweak and strongly charged long-lived particles with CheckMATE, Eur. Phys. J. C 81 (2021) 968 [arXiv:2104.04542] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Searches for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles with compressed mass spectra in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 052005 [arXiv:1911.12606] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new phenomena in events with jets and missing transverse momentum in p p collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, ATLAS-CONF-2020-048, CERN, Geneva (2020).
ATLAS collaboration, Search for exotic decays of the Higgs boson into long-lived particles in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV using displaced vertices in the ATLAS inner detector, JHEP 11 (2021) 229 [arXiv:2107.06092] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for long-lived particles produced in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 03 (2022) 160 [arXiv:2110.13218] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Combined measurements of Higgs boson production and decay using up to 80 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment, Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 012002 [arXiv:1909.02845] [INSPIRE].
G.P. Salam, Towards Jetography, Eur. Phys. J. C 67 (2010) 637 [arXiv:0906.1833] [INSPIRE].
T. Cohen, J. Doss and M. Freytsis, Jet Substructure from Dark Sector Showers, JHEP 09 (2020) 118 [arXiv:2004.00631] [INSPIRE].
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Juliette Alimena, Nishita Desai, Alberto Escalante del Valle, Simon Knapen, Emmanuel Francois Perez and Pedro Schawaller for useful discussions, and Baibhab Pattnaik for a careful reading of the manuscript. We are indebted to the authors of the CMS emerging jet analysis: Alberto Belloni, Yi-Mu Chen, Sarah Eno and Long Wang for their patience to answer our questions about technical details in their study. JC and JZ are supported by the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) through the plan GenT program (CIDEGENT/2019/068), by the Spanish Government (Agencia Estatal de Investigación) and ERDF funds from European Commission (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Grant No. PID2020-114473GB-I00). JC is also supported by the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) through the plan GenT program (CIDEGENT/2019/068) and (CIDEGENT/2018/014).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2307.04847
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Carrasco, J., Zurita, J. Emerging jet probes of strongly interacting dark sectors. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 34 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)034
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)034