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Physicochemical Properties of Industrial Wood Waste-Derived Cellulose Nanofibrils

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Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Biomass Utilization and Sustainable Energy; ICoBiomasSE 2023; 4–5 September; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (ICoBiomasSE 2023)

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

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Abstract

Wood is an important raw material, especially for construction and industrial scale activities which have resulted in a large amount of wood waste (WW). The accumulation of industrial WW has led to serious environmental issues; hence, the utilization of the industrial WW is being studied by researchers due to the rich content of cellulose. This study investigated the physicochemical properties of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) derived from industrial WW. The preparation of the CNFs involves the pretreatment of WW with an alkaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) and bleaching with peracetic acid, followed by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and mechanical post-treatment. Interestingly, the yield of the CNFs produced was 52%, which is half of the raw material used. Furthermore, the morphology of the WW-derived CNFs was analyzed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The WW-derived CNFs showed a uniform size with a width of around 20–100 nm and a length of several micrometers. Moreover, the production of WW-derived CNFs was further verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the surface functional groups, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the crystallography, and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) for thermal stability. The results obtained from these characterization methods have proved the successful transformation of the industrial WW into a high-potential nanomaterial, which is the CNFs that can be used for further applications in paper making, composites, packaging, textiles, biomedicine, energy storage, and electronics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support given by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) under Grant Number FRGS/1/2023/TK09/UNIMAP/02/4, the Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (CoEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Ming Hui Hing, Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal, Nur Atirah Afifah Sezali & Hui Lin Ong

  2. Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal & Hui Lin Ong

  3. Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Nur Atirah Afifah Sezali & Ruey-An Doong

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  1. Ming Hui Hing
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  2. Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal
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  3. Nur Atirah Afifah Sezali
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  4. Hui Lin Ong
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  5. Ruey-An Doong
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Correspondence to Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Hui Lin Ong

  2. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof

  3. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Khairul Farihan Kasim

  4. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny

  5. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Rahimah Othman

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Hing, M.H., Pisal, M.H.M., Sezali, N.A.A., Ong, H.L., Doong, RA. (2024). Physicochemical Properties of Industrial Wood Waste-Derived Cellulose Nanofibrils. In: Ong, H.L., Yusof, S.J.H.M., Kasim, K.F., Gunny, A.A.N., Othman, R. (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Biomass Utilization and Sustainable Energy; ICoBiomasSE 2023; 4–5 September; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ICoBiomasSE 2023. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9164-8_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9164-8_17

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  • Print ISBN: 978-981-99-9357-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-99-9164-8

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