Skip to main content

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelofibrosis: When and How?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pathogenesis and Treatment of Leukemia
  • 423 Accesses

Abstract

Primary or post-ET/PV myelofibrosis is a heterogenous disease and the clinical course as well as life expectancies vary substantially. The median survival of myelofibrosis patients is around 6 years but about 20% will survive 20 years and longer and also 10–20% will survive less than 2 years after diagnosis. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is considered to be the only curative treatment for myelofibrosis patients but due to its inherent therapy-related morbidity and mortality, a proper timing and selection are needed for optimal balance between cure and therapy-related complications. In the current chapter, we will focus on optimal timing (“when”) and performing (“how”) of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cervantes F, Dupriez B, Pereira A, Passamonti F, Reilly JT, Morra E, et al. New prognostic scoring system for primary myelofibrosis based on a study of the international working group for myelofibrosis research and treatment. Blood. 2009;113(13):2895–901.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Passamonti F, Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Morra E, Rumi E, Pereira A, et al. A dynamic prognostic model to predict survival in primary myelofibrosis: a study by the IWG-MRT (international working group for myeloproliferative neoplasms research and treatment). Blood. 2010;115(9):1703–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gangat N, Caramazza D, Vaidya R, George G, Begna K, Schwager S, et al. DIPSS plus: a refined dynamic international prognostic scoring system for primary myelofibrosis that incorporates prognostic information from karyotype, platelet count, and transfusion status. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(4):392–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Rotunno G, Mudireddy M, Mannarelli C, Nicolosi M, et al. MIPSS70: mutation-enhanced international prognostic score system for transplantation-age patients with primary myelofibrosis. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(4):310–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Tefferi A, Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Gangat N, Ketterling RP, Pardanani A, et al. MIPSS70+ version 2.0: mutation and karyotype-enhanced international prognostic scoring system for primary myelofibrosis. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(17):1769–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gowin K, Coakley M, Kosiorek H, Mesa R. Discrepancies of applying primary myelofibrosis prognostic scores for patients with post polycythemia vera/essential thrombocytosis myelofibrosis. Haematologica. 2016;101(10):e405–e6.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Passamonti F, Giorgino T, Mora B, Guglielmelli P, Rumi E, Maffioli M, et al. A clinical-molecular prognostic model to predict survival in patients with post polycythemia vera and post essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2017;31(12):2726–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kroger N, Giorgino T, Scott BL, Ditschkowski M, Alchalby H, Cervantes F, et al. Impact of allogeneic stem cell transplantation on survival of patients less than 65 years of age with primary myelofibrosis. Blood. 2015;125(21):3347–50. quiz 64

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Gowin K, Ballen K, Ahn KW, Hu ZH, Ali H, Arcasoy MO, et al. Survival following allogeneic transplant in patients with myelofibrosis. Blood Adv. 2020;4(9):1965–73.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Kroger NM, Deeg JH, Olavarria E, Niederwieser D, Bacigalupo A, Barbui T, et al. Indication and management of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in primary myelofibrosis: a consensus process by an EBMT/ELN international working group. Leukemia. 2015;29(11):2126–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Alchalby H, Zabelina T, Stubig T, van Biezen A, Bornhauser M, Di Bartolomeo P, et al. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis with leukemic transformation: a study from the myeloproliferative neoplasm subcommittee of the CMWP of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation. Biol Blood MARROW Transplant. 2014;20(2):279–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Scott BLGT, Linenberger M, et al. International working group scores predict post-transplant outcomes in patients with myelofibrosis. Blood. 2010;116(21):3085.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Alchalby H, Yunus DR, Zabelina T, Kobbe G, Holler E, Bornhauser M, et al. Risk models predicting survival after reduced-intensity transplantation for myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2012;157(1):75–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Scott BL, Gooley TA, Sorror ML, Rezvani AR, Linenberger ML, Grim J, et al. The dynamic international prognostic scoring system for myelofibrosis predicts outcomes after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood. 2012;119(11):2657–64.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Ditschkowski M, Elmaagacli AH, Trenschel R, Gromke T, Steckel NK, Koldehoff M, et al. Dynamic international prognostic scoring system scores, pre-transplant therapy and chronic graft-versus-host disease determine outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Haematologica. 2012;97(10):1574–81.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Samuelson Bannow BT, Salit RB, Storer BE, Stevens EA, Wu D, Yeung C, et al. Hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis: the dynamic international prognostic scoring system plus risk predicts post-transplant outcomes. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018;24(2):386–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Gagelmann N, Eikema DJ, de Wreede LC, Koster L, Wolschke C, Arnold R, et al. Comparison of dynamic international prognostic scoring system and myelofibrosis Secondary to PV and ET prognostic model for prediction of outcome in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(6):e204–e8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Gagelmann N, Ditschkowski M, Bogdanov R, Bredin S, Robin M, Cassinat B, et al. Comprehensive clinical-molecular transplant scoring system for myelofibrosis undergoing stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2019;133(20):2233–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ali H, Aldoss I, Yang D, Mokhtari S, Khaled S, Aribi A, et al. MIPSS70+ v2.0 predicts long-term survival in myelofibrosis after allogeneic HCT with the flu/Mel conditioning regimen. Blood Adv. 2019;3(1):83–95.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Hernandez-Boluda JC, Pereira A, Kroger N, Beelen D, Robin M, Bornhauser M, et al. Determinants of survival in myelofibrosis patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Leukemia. 2021;35(1):215–24.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ballen KK, Shrestha S, Sobocinski KA, Zhang MJ, Bashey A, Bolwell BJ, et al. Outcome of transplantation for myelofibrosis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16(3):358–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tamari R, Rapaport F, Zhang N, McNamara C, Kuykendall A, Sallman DA, et al. Impact of high-molecular-risk mutations on transplantation outcomes in patients with myelofibrosis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(6):1142–51.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Guardiola P, Anderson JE, Bandini G, Cervantes F, Runde V, Arcese W, et al. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for agnogenic myeloid metaplasia: a European group for blood and marrow transplantation, societe Francaise de Greffe de Moelle, Gruppo Italiano per il Trapianto del Midollo Osseo, and Fred Hutchinson cancer research center collaborative study. Blood. 1999;93(9):2831–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Deeg HJ, Gooley TA, Flowers ME, Sale GE, Slattery JT, Anasetti C, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Blood. 2003;102(12):3912–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Rondelli D, Goldberg JD, Isola L, Price LS, Shore TB, Boyer M, et al. MPD-RC 101 prospective study of reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis. Blood. 2014;124(7):1183–91.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Patriarca F, Bacigalupo A, Sperotto A, Isola M, Soldano F, Bruno B, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis: the 20-year experience of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Midollo Osseo (GITMO). Haematologica. 2008;93(10):1514–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kroger N, Holler E, Kobbe G, Bornhauser M, Schwerdtfeger R, Baurmann H, et al. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation after reduced-intensity conditioning in patients with myelofibrosis: a prospective, multicenter study of the chronic leukemia working Party of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation. Blood. 2009;114(26):5264–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Bacigalupo A, Soraru M, Dominietto A, Pozzi S, Geroldi S, Van Lint MT, et al. Allogeneic hemopoietic SCT for patients with primary myelofibrosis: a predictive transplant score based on transfusion requirement, spleen size and donor type. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(3):458–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kroger N, Panagiota V, Badbaran A, Zabelina T, Triviai I, Araujo Cruz MM, et al. Impact of molecular genetics on outcome in myelofibrosis patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017;23(7):1095–101.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Samuelson S, Sandmaier BM, Heslop HE, Popat U, Carrum G, Champlin RE, et al. Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in 30 patients 60-78 years of age. Br J Haematol. 2011;153(1):76–82.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Daghia G, Zabelina T, Zeck G, von Pein UM, Christopeit M, Wolschke C, et al. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis patients aged >/=65 years. Eur J Haematol. 2019;103(4):370–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. McLornan D, Szydlo R, Koster L, Chalandon Y, Robin M, Wolschke C, et al. Myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioned allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis: a retrospective study by the chronic malignancies working party of the European Society for blood and marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(11):2167–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Mannina D, Zabelina T, Wolschke C, Heinzelmann M, Triviai I, Christopeit M, et al. Reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for younger patients with myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2019;186(3):484–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Robin M, Giannotti F, Deconinck E, Mohty M, Michallet M, Sanz G, et al. Unrelated cord blood transplantation for patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2014;20(11):1841–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Murata M, Takenaka K, Uchida N, Ozawa Y, Ohashi K, Kim SW, et al. Comparison of outcomes of allogeneic transplantation for primary myelofibrosis among hematopoietic stem cell source groups. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(8):1536–43.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Robin M, Tabrizi R, Mohty M, Furst S, Michallet M, Bay JO, et al. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis: a report of the Societe Francaise de Greffe de Moelle et de Therapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC). Br J Haematol. 2011;152(3):331–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Abelsson J, Merup M, Birgegard G, WeisBjerrum O, Brinch L, Brune M, et al. The outcome of Allo-HSCT for 92 patients with myelofibrosis in the nordic countries. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012;47(3):380–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gupta V, Kroger N, Aschan J, Xu W, Leber B, Dalley C, et al. A retrospective comparison of conventional intensity conditioning and reduced-intensity conditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in myelofibrosis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2009;44(5):317–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Merup M, Lazarevic V, Nahi H, Andreasson B, Malm C, Nilsson L, et al. Different outcome of allogeneic transplantation in myelofibrosis using conventional or reduced-intensity conditioning regimens. Br J Haematol. 2006;135(3):367–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Robin M, de Wreede LC, Wolschke C, Schetelig J, Eikema DJ, Van Lint MT, et al. Long-term outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Haematologica. 2019;104(9):1782–8.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. Robin M, Porcher R, Wolschke C, Sicre de Fontbrune F, Alchalby H, Christopeit M, et al. Outcome after transplantation according to reduced-intensity conditioning regimen in patients undergoing transplantation for myelofibrosis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2016;22(7):1206–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Jain T, Kunze KL, Temkit M, Partain DK, Patnaik MS, Slack JL, et al. Comparison of reduced intensity conditioning regimens used in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2019;54(2):204–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Patriarca F, Masciulli A, Bacigalupo A, Bregante S, Pavoni C, Finazzi MC, et al. Busulfan- or thiotepa-based conditioning in myelofibrosis: a phase II multicenter randomized study from the GITMO group. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(5):932–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. McLornan DP, Eikema D-J, Kröger N, Koster L, Czerw T, Beelen DW, et al. Trends in allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in Europe between 1995-2018: an EBMT retrospective analysis. Blood. 2020;136(Supplement 1):38–9.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Kroger N, Thiele J, Zander A, Schwerdtfeger R, Kobbe G, Bornhauser M, et al. Rapid regression of bone marrow fibrosis after dose-reduced allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with primary myelofibrosis. Exp Hematol. 2007;35(11):1719–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Alchalby H, Badbaran A, Zabelina T, Kobbe G, Hahn J, Wolff D, et al. Impact of JAK2V617F mutation status, allele burden, and clearance after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Blood. 2010;116(18):3572–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Gergis U, Kuriakose E, Shore T, Mayer S, Mark T, Pearse R, et al. Allogeneic transplantation for patients with advanced myelofibrosis: splenomegaly and high serum LDH are adverse risk factors for successful engraftment. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2016;16(5):297–303.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Alchalby H, Yunus DR, Zabelina T, Ayuk F, Kroger N. Incidence and risk factors of poor graft function after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016;51(9):1223–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Li Z, Gooley T, Applebaum FR, Deeg HJ. Splenectomy and hemopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis. Blood. 2001;97(7):2180–1.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Akpek G, Pasquini MC, Logan B, Agovi MA, Lazarus HM, Marks DI, et al. Effects of spleen status on early outcomes after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(6):825–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Polverelli N, Mauff K, Kroger N, Robin M, Beelen D, Beauvais D, et al. Impact of spleen size and splenectomy on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis: a retrospective analysis by the chronic malignancies working party on behalf of European society for blood and marrow transplantation (EBMT). Am J Hematol. 2021;96(1):69–79.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Ciurea SO, Sadegi B, Wilbur A, Alagiozian-Angelova V, Gaitonde S, Dobogai LC, et al. Effects of extensive splenomegaly in patients with myelofibrosis undergoing a reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2008;141(1):80–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Robin M, Zine M, Chevret S, Meignin V, Munoz-Bongrand N, Moatti H, et al. The impact of splenectomy in myelofibrosis patients before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017;23(6):958–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Mesa RA, Nagorney DS, Schwager S, Allred J, Tefferi A. Palliative goals, patient selection, and perioperative platelet management: outcomes and lessons from 3 decades of splenectomy for myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia at the Mayo Clinic. Cancer. 2006;107(2):361–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Matsubara E, Yamanouchi J, Kitazawa R, Azuma T, Fujiwara H, Hato T, et al. Usefulness of low-dose splenic irradiation prior to reduced-intensity conditioning regimen for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with myelofibrosis. Case Rep Hematol. 2016;2016:8751329.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Kalman NS, Mukhopadhyay ND, Roberts CH, Chung HM, Clark WB, McCarty JM, et al. Low-dose splenic irradiation prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation in hypersplenic patients with myelofibrosis. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017;58(12):2983–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Harrison C, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Gisslinger H, Waltzman R, Stalbovskaya V, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):787–98.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):799–807.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Jaekel N, Behre G, Behning A, Wickenhauser C, Lange T, Niederwieser D, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in patients pretreated with the JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014;49(2):179–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Shanavas M, Popat U, Michaelis LC, Fauble V, McLornan D, Klisovic R, et al. Outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis with prior exposure to Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitors. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2016;22(3):432–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Stubig T, Alchalby H, Ditschkowski M, Wolf D, Wulf G, Zabelina T, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib as pretreatment for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in primary or post-ET/PV myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(8):1736–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Shahnaz Syed Abd Kadir S, Christopeit M, Wulf G, Wagner E, Bornhauser M, Schroeder T, et al. Impact of ruxolitinib pretreatment on outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis. Eur J Haematol. 2018;101(3):305–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Salit RB, Scott BL, Stevens EA, Baker KK, Gooley TA, Deeg HJ. Pre-hematopoietic cell transplant ruxolitinib in patients with primary and secondary myelofibrosis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020;55(1):70–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Hanif A, Hari PN, Atallah E, Carlson KS, Pasquini MC, Michaelis LC. Safety of ruxolitinib therapy prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for myeloproliferative neoplasms. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016;51(4):617–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Robin M, Francois S, Huynh A, et al. Ruxolitinib before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with myelofibrosis: a preliminary descriptive report of the JAK ALLO study, a phase II trial sponsored by Goelams-FIM in collaboration with the Sfgmte. Presented at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, ASH 2013, New Orleans, USA. 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Kröger N SG, Sirait T, et al. . Impact of prior JAK-inhibitor therapy with ruxolitinib on outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis manuscript submitted. 2021.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Zeiser R, von Bubnoff N, Butler J, Mohty M, Niederwieser D, Or R, et al. Ruxolitinib for glucocorticoid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(19):1800–10.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Kroger N, Shahnaz Syed AKS, Zabelina T, Badbaran A, Christopeit M, Ayuk F, et al. Peritransplantation ruxolitinib prevents acute graft-versus-host disease in patients with myelofibrosis undergoing allogenic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018;24(10):2152–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Klyuchnikov E, Holler E, Bornhauser M, Kobbe G, Nagler A, Shimoni A, et al. Donor lymphocyte infusions and second transplantation as salvage treatment for relapsed myelofibrosis after reduced-intensity allografting. Br J Haematol. 2012;159(2):172–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. McLornan DP, Szydlo R, Robin M, van Biezen A, Koster L, Blok HJP, et al. Outcome of patients with myelofibrosis relapsing after allogeneic stem cell transplant: a retrospective study by the chronic malignancies working party of EBMT. Br J Haematol. 2018;182(3):418–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Atagunduz IK, Klyuchnikov E, Wolschke C, Janson D, Heidenreich S, Christopeit M, et al. Treosulfan-based conditioning regimen for second allograft in patients with myelofibrosis. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(11):3098.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Janson D, Ayuk FA, Wolschke C, Christopeit M, Badbaran A, von Pein U-M, et al. Ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis patients relapsing after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation. Blood. 2016;128(22):1948.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Kroger N, Alchalby H, Klyuchnikov E, Badbaran A, Hildebrandt Y, Ayuk F, et al. JAK2-V617F-triggered preemptive and salvage adoptive immunotherapy with donor-lymphocyte infusion in patients with myelofibrosis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2009;113(8):1866–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Lange T, Edelmann A, Siebolts U, Krahl R, Nehring C, Jakel N, et al. JAK2 p.V617F allele burden in myeloproliferative neoplasms one month after allogeneic stem cell transplantation significantly predicts outcome and risk of relapse. Haematologica. 2013;98(5):722–8.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  75. Alchalby H, Badbaran A, Bock O, Fehse B, Bacher U, Zander AR, et al. Screening and monitoring of MPL W515L mutation with real-time PCR in patients with myelofibrosis undergoing allogeneic-SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(9):1404–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Wolschke C, Badbaran A, Zabelina T, Christopeit M, Ayuk F, Triviai I, et al. Impact of molecular residual disease post allografting in myelofibrosis patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2017;52(11):1526–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Badbaran A, Fehse B, Christopeit M, Aranyossy T, Ayuk FA, Wolschke C, et al. Digital-PCR assay for screening and quantitative monitoring of calreticulin (CALR) type-2 positive patients with myelofibrosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016;51(6):872–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Mansier O, Migeon M, Saint-Lezer A, James C, Verger E, Robin M, et al. Quantification of the mutant CALR allelic burden by digital PCR: application to minimal residual disease evaluation after bone marrow transplantation. J Mol Diagn. 2016;18(1):68–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicolaus Kröger .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kröger, N. (2023). Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelofibrosis: When and How?. In: Gill, H., Kwong, YL. (eds) Pathogenesis and Treatment of Leukemia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3810-0_44

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3810-0_44

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-99-3809-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-99-3810-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics