Abstract
Face recognition is a difficult task in the realm of computer vision and image analysis. A face recognition model can recognize a face in an image automatically. When the face is orientated in different angles, most of the face recognition systems fail to identify the face, resulting in the degradation of the performance of the facial recognition system. To handle this issue, dataset containing face images should be created in such a manner that it should contain the facial images at varying angles. Face recognition systems based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained popularity because of its effectiveness in delivering authenticity by automatically identifying faces. The proposed system consists of a robust CNN model for detecting and recognizing the face at varying angles. The proposed CNN model is tested on three datasets, namely ‘MepcoECE’ dataset which was created with 24 subjects in real-time which consists of facial images at varying angles, and two benchmark datasets, namely ORL dataset and GTF dataset, and achieved a superior performance in benchmark datasets.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Batbaatar E, Li M, Ryu KH (2019) Semantic-emotion neural network for emotion recognition from text. IEEE Access 7:111866–111878
Ahila Priyadharshini R, Arivazhagan S, Arun M (2021) A deep learning approach for person identification using ear biometrics. Appl Intell 51(4):2161–2172
Meng H, Bianchi-Berthouze N, Deng Y, Cheng J, Cosmas JP (2016) Time-delay neural network for continuous emotional dimension prediction from facial expression sequences. IEEE Trans Cybern 46(4):916–929
Ahila Priyadharshini R, Arivazhagan S, Arun M et al (2019) Maize leaf disease classification using deep convolutional neural networks. Neural Comput Appl 31:8887–8895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-019-04228-3
Feng XU, Zhang J-P (2017) Facial microexpression recognition: a survey. Acta Automatica Sinica 43(3):333–348
Özerdem MS, Polat H (2017) Emotion recognition based on EEG features in movie clips with channel selection. Brain Inf 4(4):241–252
Ahila Priyadharshini R, Arivazhagan S, Arun M (2021) Ayurvedic medicinal plants identification: a comparative study on feature extraction methods. Commun Comput Inf Sci 1377:268–280
Lecun Y, Bottou L, Bengio Y, Haffner P (1998) Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition. Proc IEEE 86(11):2278–2324. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.726791
Krizhevsky A, Sutskever I, Hinton GE (2017) ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. Commun ACM 60(6):84–90. https://doi.org/10.1145/3065386
Simonyan K, Zisserman A (2014) Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.1556
Ghimire D, Jeong S, Lee J, Park SH (2017) Facial expression recognition based on local region specific features and support vector machines. Multimed Tools Appl 76(6):7803–7821
Arivazhagan S, Priyadharshini RA, Sowmiya S (2014) Face recognition based on local directional number pattern and ANFIS classifier. In: 2014 IEEE International conference on advanced communications, control and computing technologies, pp 1627–1631. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCCT.2014.7019384
Arivazhagan S, Ahila Priyadharshini R, Sowmiya S (2014) Facial expression recognition based on local directional number pattern and ANFIS classifier. In: 2014 International conference on communication and network technologies, pp 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1109/CNT.2014.7062726
Li X, Yang Z, Wu H (2020) Face detection based on receptive field enhanced multi-task cascaded convolutional neural networks. IEEE Access 8:174922–174930. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3023782
Yin X, Liu X (2018) Multi-task convolutional neural network for pose-invariant face recognition. IEEE Trans Image Process 27(2):964–975. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2017.2765830
Zhang H, Jolfaei A, Alazab M (2019) A face emotion recognition method using convolutional neural network and image edge computing. IEEE Access 7:159081–159089. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949741
Maafiri A, Elharrouss O, Rfifi S, Al-Maadeed S, Chougdali K (2021) DeepWTPCA-L1: a new deep face recognition model based on WTPCA-L1 norm features. IEEE Access 9:65091–65100. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3076359
Tavares M (2020) The ORL database for training and testing. Kaggle. Retrieved 19 Apr 2023 from https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/tavarez/the-orl-database-for-training-and-testing
https://computervisiononline.com/dataset/1105138700. Retrieved 19 Apr 2023
Viola P, Jones M (2001) Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features. In: Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. CVPR 2001, Kauai, HI, USA, pp. I-I. https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2001.990517
Guérin J, Gibaru O, Thiery S, Nyiri E. CNN features are also great at unsupervised classification. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1707.01700
Li R, Zhou Z, Liu X, Li D, Yang W, Li S, Liu Q (2021) GTF: An adaptive network anomaly detection method at the network edge. Secur Commun Netw 2021: 4510–4520. Article ID 3017797. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3017797.VPR
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ahila Priyadharshini, R., Hariharan, S., Jagadeeswara, R. (2023). A CNN-Based Approach for Face Recognition Under Different Orientations. In: Das, A.K., Nayak, J., Naik, B., Vimal, S., Pelusi, D. (eds) Computational Intelligence in Pattern Recognition. CIPR 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 725. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3734-9_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3734-9_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-3733-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-3734-9
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)