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Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Oxygenated Alternative Fuels in Compression Ignition Engines

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Renewable Fuels for Sustainable Mobility

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

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Abstract

Environmental pollution from petroleum products for energy generation is of grave concern nowadays. Oxygenated alternative fuels like biodiesels, alcohols, etc., have gained much popularity for internal combustion (IC) engines. Due to their inherent oxygen content, these oxygenated alternative fuels possess lower carbon-to-hydrogen (C/H) ratio for same heating value. Supporting the road map towards decarbonization of mobility, there has been a recent uptick in curiosity about the possibility of alcohols in compression ignition (CI) engines. Biodiesel contains ~10% inherent oxygen (m/m), and alcohols may contains up to 50% oxygen (m/m), affecting the CI engine's combustion, performance, and emission. An overview of CI engines fuelled with oxygenated fuels (biodiesel and alcohol blends) on combustion characteristics, engine performance, and exhaust emissions are presented in this study. Biodiesel and alcohol fuels (methanol, ethanol, and butanol) have been compared to evaluate the impact of different blend ratios, oxygen mass fraction content based on in-cylinder combustion pressure trace, heat release rate, and engine performance as brake thermal efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission. Up to 25% lowered CO2 emission was recorded for oxygenated fuel compared to diesel, with significantly lower particulate emission.

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Abbreviations

ABE:

Acetone-butanol-ethanol

BDE:

Biodiesel-diesel-ethanol

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

CA05:

5% of total burn fraction

CA50:

50% of total burn fraction

CA90:

90% of total burn fraction

CAD:

Crank angle degree

CI:

Compression ignition

C/H:

Carbon to hydrogen ratio

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2:

Carbon dioxide

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculation

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HRR:

Heat release rate

IBE:

Isopropanol-butanol-ethanol

IC:

Internal combustion

ISEC:

Indicated specific energy consumption

IMEP:

Indicated mean effective pressure

ITE:

Indicated thermal efficiency

LTC:

Low-temperature combustion

NOx:

Nitrogen oxides

PPC:

Partially premixed combustion

SI:

Spark ignition

TDC:

Top dead center

ULSD:

Ultra-low sulfur diesel

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Sejbahar, India

    Tomesh Kumar Sahu & Pravesh Chandra Shukla

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  1. Tomesh Kumar Sahu
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  2. Pravesh Chandra Shukla
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Correspondence to Pravesh Chandra Shukla .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Sejbahar, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Pravesh Chandra Shukla

  2. PUNCH Torino S.p.A., Turin, Italy

    Giacomo Belgiorno

  3. National Research Council of Italy, STEMS, Naples, Italy

    Gabriele Di Blasio

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Avinash Kumar Agarwal

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Sahu, T.K., Shukla, P.C. (2023). Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Oxygenated Alternative Fuels in Compression Ignition Engines. In: Shukla, P.C., Belgiorno, G., Blasio, G.D., Agarwal, A.K. (eds) Renewable Fuels for Sustainable Mobility. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1392-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1392-3_4

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