Abstract
This paper presents a substantial review of the data privacy policy on social media and propose a trust index model to prevent fake news and deepfakes on social media using blockchain technology. Digital privacy on social media has become an imminent problem for the users and citizens of the world today. In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported an infodemic relevant to coronavirus (COVID-19) fake news and deepfakes. This phenomenon has caused difficulty for global citizens in various countries to seek reliable guidance, and take appropriate countermeasures to prevent COVID-19, without resorting to public panic. The fears, anxieties and ambiguity caused by fake news, deepfakes and the lack of knowledge of COVID-19 have posted a very serious threat to public health. With an increasing appetite for verifiable truth on the Internet, the proposed trust index model can provide a more trustable, credible, reliable, transparent, and more secure fundamental fabric for our current society on social media.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Reuters Institute: COVID–19 has intensified concerns about misinformation. Here’s what our past research says about these issues (2020). https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review/covid-19-has-intensified-concerns-about-misinformation-heres-what-our-past-research. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Bellingcat: How Coronavirus Disinformation Gets Past Social Media Moderators (2020). https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2020/04/03/how-coronavirus-disinformation-gets-past-social-media-moderators/. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Westerlund, M.: The emergence of deepfake technology: a review. Technol. Innov. Manage. Rev. 9, 39–52 (2019)
Hasan, H.R., Salah, K.: Combating deepfake videos using blockchain and smart contracts. IEEE Access 7, 41596–41606 (2019)
Mills, M.: Obamageddon: Fear, the Far Right, and the Rise of “Doomsday” Prepping in Obama’s America. Journal of American Studies (2019)
C4ISRNET: How the Pentagon is tackling deepfakes as a national security problem (2019). https://www.c4isrnet.com/information-warfare/2019/08/29/how-the-pentagon-is-tackling-deepfakes-as-a-national-security-problem/. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Edelman: 2020 Edelman Trust Barometer (2020). https://www.edelman.com/trustbarometer. Accessed 2 Mar 2020
Edelman: 2019 Edelman Trust Barometer (2019). https://www.edelman.com/trust-barometer. Accessed 30 May 2019
NewNaratif: Singapore’s Flawed Data Privacy Regime (2018). https://newnaratif.com/research/singapores-flawed-data-privacy-regime/
CNBC: Tim Cook: Personal data collection is being ‘weaponized against us with military efficiency’ (2018). https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/24/apples-tim-cook-warns-silicon-valley-it-would-be-destructive-to-block-strong-privacy-laws.html. Accessed 30 Aug 2020
Provoke: Edelman: Trust Has Become A Game Changer For Brands (2020). https://www.provokemedia.com/latest/article/Edelman-’trust-has-become-agame-changer-for-brands’. Accessed 31 Aug 2020
Fraga-Lamas, P., Fernández-Caramés, T.M.: Fake news, disinformation, and deepfakes: leveraging distributed ledger technologies and blockchain to combat digital deception and counterfeit reality. IT Professional 22, 53–59 (2020)
Zhou, X., Zafarani, R.: Fake News: A Survey of Research, Detection Methods, and Opportunities. CoRR, abs/1812.00315 (2018)
Gartner: Gartner Top Strategic Predictions for 2018 and Beyond (2017). https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartner-top-strategic-predictions-for-2018-and-beyond/. Accessed 5 Feb 2020
MIT Management Sloan School. Study: False news spreads faster than the truth (2018). https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/study-false-news-spreads-faster-truth. Accessed 23 May 2019
Vosoughi, S., Roy, D., Aral, S.: The spread of true and false news online. Science 359, 6380, 1146–1151 (2018)
Verdoliva, L.: Media Forensics and DeepFakes: an overview. ArXiv, abs/2001.06564 (2020)
NATO Review: Hybrid war – does it even exist? (2015) https://www.nato.int/docu/review/articles/2015/05/07/hybrid-war-does-it-evenexist/index.html. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Messel, V., John, A.: Unrestricted Warfare: A Chinese Doctrine for Future Warfare? (2005)
Medyanik, I., Bogdanova, O.A., Abovyan, A.V., Barashyan, L.R., Shevchenko, O.M.: Modern information warfare and spiritual security of russia: threats and limiting strategies. Humanities Soc. Sci. 7, 738–743 (2019)
The Heritage Foundation: True Threats and the Limits of First Amendment Protection. https://www.heritage.org/the-constitution/report/true-threats-and-the-limits-first-amendment-protection. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Constitution Annotated: Constitution of the United States (2020). https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-1/. Accessed 1 Oct 2020
Li, H., Deepfake: The Emergence of Deepfake Technology: A Review (2019)
Sikdar, S.: Artificial intelligence, its impact on innovation, and the Google effect. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 20, 1–2 (2017)
Fu, D., Fang, L.: Blockchain-based trusted computing in social network. In: 2016 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC), pp. 19–22 (2016)
Invest In Blockchain: Ethereum Could Become A New Standard As Amazon Gets Into Blockchain (2019). https://www.investinblockchain.com/ethereum-could-become-new-standard-amazon-gets-into-blockchain/. Accessed 27 May 2020
Invest In Blockchain: Ethereum Will Be Hard To Stop At This Point When 200 + Banks, More Than 50 Billion-Dollar Companies Including Microsoft Azure Involved (2019). https://www.investinblockchain.com/ethereum-will-be-hard-to-stop-at-this-point-when-200-banks-more-than-50-billion-dollar-companies-including-microsoft-azure-involved/. Accessed 27 May 2020
QED-IT: Zero-Knowledge Blockchain provides proof for all parties, without unveiling the underlying confidential data (2018). https://qed-it.com/#sdk. Accessed 9 Aug 2020
Stanford University: Bulletproofs: Short Proofs for Confidential Transactions and More (2018). https://crypto.stanford.edu/bulletproofs/. Accessed 9 Aug 2020
Tee, W.J., Murugesan, R.K.: Trust network, blockchain and evolution in social media to build trust and prevent fake news. In: 2018 Fourth International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication & Automation (ICACCA), pp. 1–6 (2018)
Troncoso, C., Isaakidis, M., Danezis, G., Halpin, H.: Systematizing Decentralization and Privacy: Lessons from 15 Years of Research and Deployments. PoPETs, pp. 404–426 (2017)
Zyskind, G., Nathan, O., Pentland, A.: Decentralizing privacy: using blockchain to protect personal data. IEEE Secur. Privacy Workshops 2015, 180–184 (2015)
Wee Jing, T., Raja, K.M.: A theoretical framework to build trust and prevent fake news in social media using blockchain. In: The 3rd International Conference of Reliable Information and Communication Technology 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2018)
Saad, M., Spaulding, J., Njilla, L., Kamhoua, C., Shetty, S., Nyang, D., Mohaisen, A.: Exploring the Attack Surface of Blockchain: A Systematic Overview (2019). ArXiv, abs/1904.03487
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jing, T.W., Murugesan, R.K. (2021). Protecting Data Privacy and Prevent Fake News and Deepfakes in Social Media via Blockchain Technology. In: Anbar, M., Abdullah, N., Manickam, S. (eds) Advances in Cyber Security. ACeS 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1347. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6835-4_44
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6835-4_44
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-33-6834-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-33-6835-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)