Automation of Soil Nutrient Measurement System and Irrigation Control

Abstract

The soil nutrients nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (NPK) are primary and vital components for an agricultural land to be fertile. The excess or under usage of fertilizers will hamper the characteristics of the soil. The improper selection of manure would reduce the yield of the crop, resulting in loss of the yield. The proposed work aims at developing a sensor using the principle of optical transducer and hence determining NPK nutrients in the solution using Beer–Lamberts law. Also, under or over irrigation would lead to loss of the crop. The proposed method also aims at providing irrigation monitoring using a soil moisture sensor which determines water content in the soil using principle of conductivity. The system is developed as a three-tier application having sensors as data acquisition layer. The wireless communication is using Bluetooth as data link/data communication layer. Finally, Android mobile application is the presentation layer. The work aims at providing best-suited fertilizer along with optimal amount of fertilizer that gives high yield. In comparison with existing methods in same domain, the proposed work is economical and time efficient.