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Ecological Intensification: A Step Towards Biodiversity Conservation and Management of Terrestrial Landscape

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Ecological Intensification of Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

The current model of agricultural intensification has increased crop yields and profits for farmers. However, this increase takes place by significant loss of biodiversity as well as ecosystem services, which has become a global concern. In agricultural landscapes, biodiversity loss impairs the functionality of ecosystem in the form of pollination, natural pest control, habitat provision and water purification. In order to restore biodiversity along with maintaining agricultural production, there is need for farmers to switch to a novel farming approach that can optimize ecosystem functions and enhance crop yields. Reports reveal that ecological intensification has potential to ameliorate environmental externalities while preserving crop yields and profitability. To intensify ecological processes in agricultural landscapes, a potential strategy is to employ management practices that reduce or substitute synthetic agrochemical use, maintain or enhance landscape heterogeneity and connectivity. Intensification of eco-friendly nature may be achieved by wildlife-friendly approaches in the form of organic farming, conservation farming, agroforestry, integrated pest management and intercropping. However, lack of comprehensive information on the net benefits of ecological intensification farming practices is currently preventing widespread adoption by farmers. To increase uptake, it is critical that scientists address not only the ecological facets of biodiversity-friendly farming practices but also the economic and social facets.

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Abbreviations

IPM:

Integrated Pest Management

GMOs:

Genetically Modified Organisms

NGO:

Nongovernmental Organization

SOM:

Soil Organic Matter

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  1. Department Forest Resources & Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Science, National University of Science &Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

    Donald Mlambo

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  1. Department of Farm Forestry, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Manoj Kumar Jhariya

  2. Department of Agronomy, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

  3. Department of Environmental Science, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Arnab Banerjee

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Mlambo, D. (2021). Ecological Intensification: A Step Towards Biodiversity Conservation and Management of Terrestrial Landscape. In: Jhariya, M.K., Meena, R.S., Banerjee, A. (eds) Ecological Intensification of Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4203-3_3

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