Abstract
Emergency ventilation systems are commonly used for smoke control during tunnel fires. Numerical results show that the fire and smoke would be confined effectively by the water mist screen and transverse ventilation system (WMSTV system) system, and the environment inside the confined zone would be suitable for occupants’ evacuation and fire fighting. In this paper, the smoke control parameters of WMSTV system are proposed. The visibility distributions and smoke extraction efficiency are analyzed by FDS simulation. The results show that the minimum spacing distance between smoke vents should not be less than 40 m, while the maximum spacing distance should not exceed 60 m for 30 MW of fire. The spacing distance between the screen and vent is suggested to fall in 30–45 m. Two vents are recommended in the control zone with the screen spacing of 120 and 150 m. Four vents are recommended in the control zone with the screen spacing of 180 m.
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Abbreviations
- \( D^{*} \) :
-
Characteristic fire diameter (–)
- H :
-
Heat release rate from fire (kW)
- T 0 :
-
Temperature of ambient (K)C
- \( \sigma \) :
-
Empirical constants (–)
- d m :
-
Median droplet diameter (μm)
- \( \eta_{i} \) :
-
The smoke extraction efficiency of vent i
- \( Q_{i} \) :
-
The smoke extraction rate of the single vent i
- L 1 :
-
Distance of smoke vents (m)
- \( \rho_{0} \) :
-
Density of ambient (kg/m3)
- \( c_{\text{p}} \) :
-
Constant pressure specific heat [kJ/(kg K)]
- g :
-
Acceleration of gravity (m/s2)
- d :
-
Droplet diameter (μm)
- \( \eta \) :
-
Smoke extraction efficiency
- Q :
-
The total smoke generation rate (kg/s)
- L :
-
Distance of water mist screens (m)
- L 2 :
-
Distance of vent with water mist screen (m)
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Acknowledgements
This study is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China, with No. E2018507026.
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Liang, Q., Xu, H., Huang, Y., Li, Y. (2020). Numerical Studies on the Smoke Control Parameters of Water Mist Screens with Transverse Ventilation System in Tunnel Fires. In: Wu, GY., Tsai, KC., Chow, W.K. (eds) The Proceedings of 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology. AOSFST 2018. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9139-3_76
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9139-3_76
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