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The Physical Activation and Chemical Activation Reaction During Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Empty Fruit Bunch

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Proceeding of 5th International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering ((LNME))

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Abstract

Empty fruit bunch (EFB) has a potential to be used as raw materials to produce activated carbon due to its low cost and high availability. A two-step activation process that consists of combination of carbonization and activation is one of the suitable methods to convert raw EFB into activated carbon. In this study, the two-step activation was employed by first conducting carbonization process at 500 °C under Argon gas flow for 1 h to convert it into biochar followed by physical and chemical activation. Physical activation was conducted at 500 and 800 °C under CO2 gas flow for 1 h meanwhile chemical activation was done by mixing KOH with the carbon samples using weight ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 before it was heated at under Argon gas flow for 1 h. The resultant activated carbon samples were analyzed and characterized using weight loss analysis, Energy X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Raman Spectroscopy and Fourier Transfer Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to evaluate the physical characteristics. The result from these characterizations indicated that physical activation process yielded activated carbons with better physical characteristics compared to those of chemical activation process. This is mainly contributed by the facts that physical activation was conducted at a higher activation temperature.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, FRGS/1/2019/TK07/UIAM/03/3.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Hasan Marzuki & Alya Naili Rozhan

  2. Kompleks PT. Semen Indonesia, Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Jalan Veteran, Gresik, Wast Java, 61122, Indonesia

    Hadi Purwanto

Authors
  1. Hasan Marzuki
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  2. Alya Naili Rozhan
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  3. Hadi Purwanto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alya Naili Rozhan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Md. Abdul Maleque

  2. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad Azhar

  3. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Norshahida Sarifuddin

  4. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Sharifah Imihezri Syed Shaharuddin

  5. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Afifah Mohd Ali

  6. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nor Farah Huda Abdul Halim

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Marzuki, H., Rozhan, A.N., Purwanto, H. (2023). The Physical Activation and Chemical Activation Reaction During Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Empty Fruit Bunch. In: Maleque, M.A., Ahmad Azhar, A.Z., Sarifuddin, N., Syed Shaharuddin, S.I., Mohd Ali, A., Abdul Halim, N.F.H. (eds) Proceeding of 5th International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9509-5_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9509-5_17

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-9508-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-9509-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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